Evidence · Immigration

Immigration: questions, answers and evidence

Read all 797 original answers and the tables behind the findings. The 27 missing answers are from the China comparison on three platforms.

questions
143
captured answers
797
missing responses
27
answers collected
15–20 October 2026

01

Every question, with its answers

Each question was written as a voter would ask it and went to all four assistants. Some were also asked from a town. Open a question to read every answer to it in full.

Showing 20 of 143 questions

02

The tables behind the study

Every figure on the study page comes from these tables. They are CSV files, which open in any spreadsheet.

  • Complete AI answers

    answers.csv

    One complete original answer, with the question, platform, country setting and migrant profile.

    question_id, surface_code, location_ref, result_id, prompt_id, platform, scan_id, collection_panel, question_text, response_text

  • The questions we asked

    question-catalogue.csv

    One question with the migrant profile, wording and purpose.

    question_id, question_version, group_id, case_id, asked_for, output_id, module_ids, category, wording_style, prompt_set, collection_panel, comparison_id, exact_text, distinguishing_facts, stated_facts, tags, status

  • Planned questions, platforms and countries

    execution-assignments.csv

    One question, platform and country we planned to collect an answer from.

    question_id, collection_panel, location_name, location_ref, surface, surface_code

  • The 27 missing answers

    missing-cells.csv

    One expected answer that was not collected.

    question_id, collection_panel, location_name, location_ref, surface, surface_code

  • Locations named for each migrant profile

    location-by-persona.csv

    How often a place was named in the twelve New Zealand answers for each migrant profile.

    persona, place, answers, denominator, wording_styles, wording_count, surface_count

  • Locations named across question wordings

    location-by-wording.csv

    One profile, platform and place, showing which versions of the question led to an answer naming the place.

    persona, surface, place, answers, denominator, wording_styles

  • Locations named by collection country

    location-by-region.csv

    One place and country setting; the China comparison has nine answers on Google AI Mode only.

    region, place, answers, denominator, surfaces

  • Eight countries on Google AI Mode

    location-ai-mode-eight-regions.csv

    One place and country across the same nine questions on Google AI Mode.

    region, place, answers, denominator

  • Matched local and overseas answers

    matched-region-answer-pairs.csv

    A New Zealand answer alongside the same question and platform using another country setting.

    region, surface, persona, question_id, result_id, nz_result_id, same_place_set, jaccard, added_names, omitted_names

  • Topics explicitly raised in the answers

    signals-by-output-platform.csv

    How often selected words and phrases appeared, by topic and platform.

    output, surface, signal, answers, denominator

  • Topics raised for each migrant profile

    signals-by-persona-output.csv

    How often selected words and phrases appeared, by migrant profile and topic.

    output, persona, signal, answers, denominator

  • Website addresses in captured answers

    captured-answer-links.csv

    Web addresses saved in the original answers, with image and file links identified.

    question_id, result_id, prompt_id, surface, surface_code, region, output, persona, wording, panel, words, raw_page, transcript, url, domain, host_class, image_or_asset

  • Extra table: links excluding images and files

    captured-links-by-platform.csv

    One platform across the same 143 New Zealand questions. The table excludes image and file links; the main Sources section counts those links.

    surface, denominator, answers_with_links, answers_with_govt_links

  • Captured answer lengths

    platform-answer-length.csv

    One platform across the same 143 local questions.

    surface, answers, median_words, mean_words

  • Recorded websites by answer

    sources-by-answer.csv

    Each website recorded as a source for an answer, with the page addresses and number of statements linked to the website.

    question_id, result_id, prompt_id, surface, surface_code, region, output, persona, wording, panel, words, raw_page, transcript, domain, publisher, claim_count, source_urls

  • Recorded sources and their original claims

    source-claim-ledger.csv

    Sources attached to individual statements, with the original answer, quotation and source passage.

    narrative_id, claim_id, question_id, result_id, prompt_id, surface, surface_code, region, output, persona, wording, panel, words, raw_page, transcript, domain, url, source_passage, claim_quote, quote_exact

  • Answers with sources and answers with links

    source-answer-coverage.csv

    Each New Zealand answer, showing whether sources were recorded and whether the answer text contains a web link.

    question_id, result_id, prompt_id, surface, surface_code, region, output, persona, wording, panel, words, raw_page, transcript, associated_websites, had_sources, literal_url_answer

  • Website publisher classifications

    source-publisher-classification.csv

    Each website, the type of organisation behind the website and the reason for the category. Unconfirmed types remain Other.

    domain, publisher, basis, source

  • Tone toward each place

    place-sentiment-ledger.csv

    One named place in one answer, with the positive, neutral, negative or mixed label, supporting passages and reason. All 108 New Zealand answers about where to live were reviewed.

    result_id, question_id, prompt_id, persona, assistant, region, place, stance, paragraph_numbers, supporting_passages, display_passage, reason, answer_sha256, reviewed_on

  • Facts supplied in each question

    prompt-reporting-eligibility.csv

    Every question, with corrected descriptions of the facts stated and limits on interpreting its answers.

    question_id, reviewed_on, prompt_sha256, original_stated_facts, corrected_stated_facts, metadata_changed, destination_explicit, descriptive_counts_included, interpretation_rule

  • Sources across question styles

    source-wording-incidence.csv

    One website, profile, topic and platform, with answer totals, question styles and the original answer references.

    persona, output, surface, domain, answers_with_source, eligible_answers, wording_styles_with_source, eligible_wording_styles, observed_styles, eligible_styles, answer_ids, by_style

  • Questions with corrected fact descriptions

    question-catalogue-reviewed.csv

    The unchanged original question text with fact descriptions reviewed on 28 October 2026.

    question_id, question_version, group_id, case_id, asked_for, output_id, module_ids, category, wording_style, prompt_set, collection_panel, comparison_id, exact_text, distinguishing_facts, stated_facts, tags, status

  • Statements checked against official sources

    statement-checks.csv

    One checked statement, with its exact passage, verdict, official source, review date and original answer reference.

    check_id, measure_id, question_checked, result_id, prompt_id, question_id, persona, assistant, wording, exact_statement, verdict, what_the_source_says, source_name, source_url, checked_on, answer_sha256

  • Policy questions covered by the checks

    statement-measures.csv

    One policy question, showing checked statements, original answers and the question wordings represented.

    measure_id, question_checked, checked_statements, distinct_answers, wording_styles_with_checked_assertions, wording_styles, answer_ids, question_ids, scope

Use the question and answer numbers to follow the evidence between tables. Locations named in warnings and comparisons count. Sources attached to an answer and web links in the answer text are counted separately.

03

The reviewed evidence

We read all 108 New Zealand answers about where to live to assess the tone toward each named place. A separate selection of 41 answers explores practical advice and contrasts across topics. The original policy checks were made on 22 October and expanded on 28 October 2026; verdicts cover selected statements, not every answer.

ChatGPT · New Zealand country setting

I've worked in dairy farming for years and want to move with my partner and young child. I need a visa route that lets me take steady farm work. What visa options might fit me, what could rule me out, and what else would you need to know?

If you have years of dairy-farming experience and want to move to New Zealand with your partner and young child, the key is to find a visa pathway that lets you work reliably on a farm while understanding whether your family can join you and what rights they would have.

There are three main things to investigate:

  • A work visa tied to a farm job — usually the starting point if you want to earn a regular wage as a dairy farm worker.
  • A pathway to longer-term residence — depending on the occupation, qualifications, pay and current immigration rules.
  • Family visa eligibility — your partner's right to work, your child's ability to attend school, and the costs involved.

Your years of hands-on dairy experience could be valuable, but the type of role you can secure matters. A general farm worker, dairy farm assistant, herd manager and farm manager may be treated differently under immigration rules.

1. Visa options that could fit

1. Accredited Employer Work Visa (AEWV)

Main work-visa option

This is the usual route to investigate if you have a job offer from a New Zealand employer accredited to hire migrant workers.

  • The job must generally be full-time, with at least 30 hours a week, and meet the applicable job-check, pay and skill requirements.
  • You need evidence of the relevant work experience or qualifications.
  • The visa can allow a stay of up to five years, although some jobs have a shorter maximum stay.
  • Your visa is linked to the approved job and employer.

Important for your family: you cannot automatically include your partner and child on your work visa. Your ability to support their visas depends on your job classification and pay.

Official AEWV requirements · Family visa rules Accredited Employer Work Visa » Immigration New ZealandBringing family if you have an Accredited Employer Work Visa (AEWV) :: Immigration New Zealand

2. Green List residence pathway for dairy farm managers

Potential route to residence

This is particularly worth investigating if your experience includes running a dairy farm, supervising staff, managing herd health and production, and making operational decisions.

New Zealand's Green List includes Dairy Cattle Farmer (Dairy Cattle Farm Manager), covering roles such as Dairy Farm Manager, Assistant Dairy Farm Manager and Dairy Herd Manager. The published requirements include at least three years of relevant experience on a commercial farm.

The critical distinction is that your actual duties and the job you are offered must fit the eligible occupation. Years of experience as a general dairy farm assistant do not automatically qualify you as a farm manager.

If the requirements are met, a Green List residence route may be available without first completing a lengthy period on a temporary work visa. The precise tier and current requirements should be checked against your proposed role before relying on this option.

Official Green List residence pathways · Green List occupations and requirements Appendix 13Green List pathway to residence :: Immigration New Zealand

3. Skilled Migrant Category Resident Visa

This may be worth checking if you have a higher-skilled farm management role, relevant qualifications, and an eligible job or job offer.

Eligibility depends on the applicable skilled-job, pay, qualification and points rules. Ordinary dairy farm work does not automatically qualify, and extensive experience alone may not be sufficient.

Official skilled residence information Visas for working in New Zealand :: Immigration New ZealandGreen List pathway to residence :: Immigration New Zealand

My initial approach would be to investigate the AEWV while checking whether your experience supports a farm-manager-level Green List role. That way, you can assess both immediate employment and longer-term settlement rather than assuming a temporary work visa will lead to residence.

2. Can your partner and young child come with you?

This needs to be assessed alongside your own visa, not afterwards.

Family member What may be possible
Partner A Partner of a Worker Work Visa, if your job and pay meet the applicable conditions; otherwise, a visitor visa or another independently available visa may be possible.
Young child A dependent child's visitor visa or student visa, subject to the relevant requirements.
Whole family Residence applications may provide a different family pathway if you qualify for residence and meet the applicable family requirements.

Under the AEWV rules, the relevant income thresholds depend on the occupation and its classification. Immigration New Zealand announced that, from 9 March 2026, the partner-support threshold for eligible skill-level 1–3 AEWV jobs is NZD $28 an hour, while the threshold for skill-level 4–5 jobs is NZD $52.50 an hour. Other categories have their own rules, so these figures should not be applied without checking your precise occupation. Bringing family if you have an Accredited Employer Work Visa (AEWV) :: Immigration New ZealandNew occupations recognised under the National Occupation List and annual median wage increase :: Immigration New Zealand

Why this matters: an offer for a general dairy farm worker role may give you permission to work but not necessarily let you bring your family on the visa arrangements you want. We should check your partner's work rights and your child's visa and schooling arrangements before you commit to a job or relocation.

3. What could rule you out?

These are the main things I would check before recommending a pathway.

  • The job is not at the required level. Your duties may fit a farm assistant role rather than the Green List Dairy Cattle Farmer occupation.
  • Insufficient evidence of experience. Immigration New Zealand may need employer references, employment records, job descriptions and other evidence of your relevant commercial dairy-farming experience.
  • The employer or job does not qualify. An AEWV requires a qualifying offer from an accredited employer. The Green List residence route also has requirements for the employer, job, hours and pay.
  • Your income is too low to support family visas. You could qualify for your own work visa but not for the particular partner or child visas you want.
  • English-language requirements. These apply to some work and residence routes. Do not assume every visa has the same requirements.
  • Health, character or age requirements. Medical and police checks may be required. For the Straight to Residence Visa, applicants generally must be aged 55 or younger.
  • Your circumstances or documents do not meet the rules. Previous immigration refusals, certain criminal convictions, medical issues or insufficient evidence could affect eligibility. The effect depends on the specific circumstances.

The important positive point is that the Green List specifically names dairy farm management roles. The current Tier 1 listing means an eligible Dairy Cattle Farmer may be able to apply for a Straight to Residence Visa with a qualifying job offer, rather than necessarily spending two years on a temporary visa first. The listing specifies at least three years of relevant commercial-farm experience, and the residence application has additional requirements, including the applicable pay threshold. Appendix 13Straight to Residence Visa » Immigration New ZealandSR4.10 Acceptable employment in a Tier 1 Green List role

4. What I need to know about you

Your answers to these questions will help narrow this down to the visa routes that are realistic for you and your family.

Your farming and family profile

Answer what you can. Approximate answers are fine.

Once these details are clear, I can compare the likely work visa, whether the dairy-farm-manager residence pathway is realistic, and what visa arrangements your partner and child could use. You do not need to share passport numbers or other identifying documents here.

Ask anything

ChatGPT can make mistakes. Check important info.

Captured 15–20 October 2026

Gemini · New Zealand country setting

I've worked in dairy farming for years and want to move with my partner and young child. I need a visa route that lets me take steady farm work. What visa options might fit me, what could rule me out, and what else would you need to know?

Moving your family across the world to transition into New Zealand’s dairy sector is an exciting step, and your years of experience put you in a strong position. Because you intend to move with your partner and a young child, your visa options need to account for family support and long-term settlement.


Visa Options That May Fit You

  1. Accredited Employer Work Visa (AEWV)

    • What it is: The primary work visa route for migrants taking up specific offers of employment from accredited New Zealand employers.
    • How it fits: Dairy farming roles—ranging from Farm Assistants to Herd Managers—are heavily recruited through the AEWV framework. Your employer must first complete a job check to prove no local worker could fill the position.
    • Family impact: You can support work or visitor visas for your partner and a student/visitor visa for your child so they can join you.
    • Caps/Stays: Continuous stay limits vary by role level (e.g., up to 3 years for general farm assistants, or up to 5 years for herd managers and above).
  2. Green List / Work-to-Residence (WTR) Pathway

    • What it is: A direct pathway to permanent residency for higher-level, skilled agricultural positions.
    • How it fits: If you secure a role categorized under the Green List—such as a Dairy Farm Manager or Assistant Dairy Farm Manager—you can typically apply for residence after working in New Zealand in that role for 2 years.
    • Family impact: Includes a direct pathway to residence for your whole family unit once the criteria are met.

What Could Rule You Out or Cause Roadblocks

  • Age Limits for Residency: Pathways linked to the Green List generally require applicants to be 55 years old or younger at the time of application.
  • Experience vs. Role Mismatch: If your prior experience is broad or non-dairy (e.g., cropping or beef only), applying directly for specialized dairy management roles without documented commercial dairy experience can trigger visa declines during Immigration New Zealand's (INZ) assessment of your credentials.
  • Employer Accreditation Status: You cannot get an AEWV or Green List work visa unless the farm business holds active Immigration New Zealand accreditation. Informal offers from non-accredited farms will stall your visa process.
  • English Language and Health/Character Hurdles: Depending on the specific skill tier or residency pathway, failing to meet standard English language benchmarks (often via recognized test results for certain assistant tracks) or standard health and character clearances will halt an application.

What Else I Would Need to Know

To help narrow down the exact strategy and timeline for your family, sharing a few more details would be very useful:

  1. Your Exact Role Level: What specific tier do your years of experience map to (e.g., Farm Assistant, Herd Manager, or Farm Manager)?
  2. Formal Qualifications: Do you hold any formal certificates or degrees in agriculture or farm management, or is your background entirely hands-on practical experience?
  3. Your Timeline: Are you looking to make the move immediately, or are you planning around a specific seasonal window (such as the peak dairy calving season starting around spring/mid-year)?
Ask Gemini

Gemini is AI and can make mistakes.

Captured 15–20 October 2026

Google AI Mode · New Zealand country setting

I've worked in dairy farming for years and want to move with my partner and young child. I need a visa route that lets me take steady farm work. What visa options might fit me, what could rule me out, and what else would you need to know?

With years of dairy farming experience, you have strong prospects for relocating to New Zealand with your family. The primary framework for securing steady work is through the Accredited Employer Work Visa (AEWV) system, which links directly to specific dairy roles and potential residency pathways.

Visa Options That May Fit

  1. Accredited Employer Work Visa (AEWV) – Standard Roles: This applies if you secure a full-time position as a Farm Assistant, Herd Manager, Assistant Manager, or Farm Manager with an accredited dairy employer. [Dairy NZ]
  2. Green List Straight to Residency / Work to Residence: If your experience and qualifications qualify you for higher-level roles—such as a Herd Manager or Dairy Cattle Farmer meeting specific skill/qualification thresholds (like an NZQF Level 4 equivalent)—you may be eligible for streamlined residency pathways.
  3. Partner and Dependent Visas: As the primary visa holder (under an AEWV or Green List role), your partner can apply for an open work visa based on your relationship, and your young child can access dependent student or visitor rights.

What Could Rule You Out

  • Lack of an Accredited Employer: The job offer must come from a farm business that holds active Immigration New Zealand (INZ) accreditation. Non-accredited farms cannot legally hire you on these work visas. [Dairy NZ]

  • Wage and Skill Thresholds: Failing to meet the median wage requirements or failing to demonstrate the specific years of verified experience required for the tier of the job offer can result in a declined application.

  • Health and Character Standards: Severe medical conditions, failure to pass police clearances, or providing unverified employment references will disqualify an application.

  • Age Limits for Residency: Certain residency subclasses under the Green List or skilled categories have age caps (such as 55 years or younger). [Dairy NZ]

To help narrow down the precise visa tier and map out your family's move, I would need to know:

  • Your exact years of experience and specific job titles held (e.g., farm assistant vs. herd/farm manager).
  • Any formal agricultural qualifications you hold (such as a Level 4 certificate in agriculture).
  • Your and your partner's approximate ages.
Ask anything

Captured 15–20 October 2026

AI Overviews · New Zealand country setting

I've worked in dairy farming for years and want to move with my partner and young child. I need a visa route that lets me take steady farm work. What visa options might fit me, what could rule me out, and what else would you need to know?

AI Overview

Moving to New Zealand with your family to pursue steady dairy farming work is entirely possible, but your options will heavily depend on your specific seniority level , your job title , and whether your prospective employer is accredited with the government.

The primary pathways, potential barriers, and the critical details needed to determine your next steps are outlined below.


1. What Visa Options Might Fit You?

The Accredited Employer Work Visa (AEWV)

This is the standard, most common route for steady work in the New Zealand agricultural sector.

  • How it works: You must first secure a genuine full-time job offer from a dairy farm that is an Immigration New Zealand Accredited Employer. The employer must prove they could not find a local New Zealander to fill the role before they can hire you.
  • Duration: Typically, farm assistants can get visas for up to 3 years, while more senior roles can secure up to 5 years.

The Green List (Work-to-Residence Pathway)

Because dairy workers are in high demand, specific intermediate and senior positions sit on New Zealand's Green List (Tier 2).

  • Eligible Roles: Dairy Herd Manager , Assistant Farm Manager , and Dairy Farm Manager.
  • The Benefit: If your job offer matches one of these precise titles and you have at least 3 years of prior commercial dairy farm experience, you can transition to a Work-to-Residence Visa. After working in New Zealand for 24 months, you and your family can apply for permanent residency.
  • Family Impact: Holding a Green List tier role or meeting specific high-income thresholds makes it significantly easier to secure open work rights for your partner and domestic student visas for your child.

2. What Could Rule You Out?

  • Low-Skilled / Entry-Level Titles (Partner Restrictions): If you take a job strictly classified as an entry-level "Dairy Farm Assistant" (ANZSCO Level 5), your partner may not automatically receive open work rights. They might instead receive a standard visitor visa or have to find their own accredited employer to work.
  • Lack of Formal Employer Accreditation: You cannot get a work visa if the farm owner is not officially accredited or fails the required "Job Check" process with immigration.
  • Strict Health and Character Checks: Every family member must pass comprehensive medical exams and clean police background checks. Serious health conditions or past criminal records can cause a visa to be declined.
  • Age Limits for Residency: If your ultimate goal is long-term residency via the Green List pathway, you must be 55 years old or younger when you apply.

3. What Else Would Be Needed to Know?

To pin down the exact visa pathway that fits your family, consider the following details:

  • What specific role are you targeting? Are you qualified to step directly into a Herd Manager or 2IC (Second-in-Charge) role, or are you looking for Farm Assistant work?
  • What is your country of citizenship? (This determines if you have access to specific fast-track worker agreements or temporary Working Holiday options to get your foot in the door).
  • How old is your child? (Children of school age require specific student visas, whereas younger children may affect your childcare infrastructure needs on rural farms).
  • Do you already have a formal job offer from a New Zealand employer, or are you starting your job search from scratch?

Knowing these details can help narrow down the best strategy for your move.

Ask anything

Captured 15–20 October 2026