Search studies, brands and more…⌘ KExplore research

Evidence · Immigration

Immigration: questions, answers and evidence

Read all 797 original answers and the tables behind the findings. The 27 missing answers are from the China comparison on three platforms.

questions
143
captured answers
797
missing responses
27
answers collected
15–20 October 2026

01

Every question, with its answers

Each question was written as a voter would ask it and went to all four assistants. Some were also asked from a town. Open a question to read every answer to it in full.

Showing 20 of 143 questions

Show all 143

02

The tables behind the study

Every figure on the study page comes from these tables. They are CSV files, which open in any spreadsheet.

  • Complete AI answers

    answers.csv

    One complete original answer, with the question, platform, country setting and migrant profile.

    question_id, surface_code, location_ref, result_id, prompt_id, platform, scan_id, collection_panel, question_text, response_text

    797rows

    Download complete ai answers (CSV)

  • The questions we asked

    question-catalogue.csv

    One question with the migrant profile, wording and purpose.

    question_id, question_version, group_id, case_id, asked_for, output_id, module_ids, category, wording_style, prompt_set, collection_panel, comparison_id, exact_text, distinguishing_facts, stated_facts, tags, status

    143rows

    Download the questions we asked (CSV)

  • Planned questions, platforms and countries

    execution-assignments.csv

    One question, platform and country we planned to collect an answer from.

    question_id, collection_panel, location_name, location_ref, surface, surface_code

    824rows

    Download planned questions, platforms and countries (CSV)

  • The 27 missing answers

    missing-cells.csv

    One expected answer that was not collected.

    question_id, collection_panel, location_name, location_ref, surface, surface_code

    27rows

    Download the 27 missing answers (CSV)

  • Locations named for each migrant profile

    location-by-persona.csv

    How often a place was named in the twelve New Zealand answers for each migrant profile.

    persona, place, answers, denominator, wording_styles, wording_count, surface_count

    342rows

    Download locations named for each migrant profile (CSV)

  • Locations named across question wordings

    location-by-wording.csv

    One profile, platform and place, showing which versions of the question led to an answer naming the place.

    persona, surface, place, answers, denominator, wording_styles

    1,368rows

    Download locations named across question wordings (CSV)

  • Locations named by collection country

    location-by-region.csv

    One place and country setting; the China comparison has nine answers on Google AI Mode only.

    region, place, answers, denominator, surfaces

    304rows

    Download locations named by collection country (CSV)

  • Eight countries on Google AI Mode

    location-ai-mode-eight-regions.csv

    One place and country across the same nine questions on Google AI Mode.

    region, place, answers, denominator

    304rows

    Download eight countries on google ai mode (CSV)

  • Matched local and overseas answers

    matched-region-answer-pairs.csv

    A New Zealand answer alongside the same question and platform using another country setting.

    region, surface, persona, question_id, result_id, nz_result_id, same_place_set, jaccard, added_names, omitted_names

    261rows

    Download matched local and overseas answers (CSV)

  • Topics explicitly raised in the answers

    signals-by-output-platform.csv

    How often selected words and phrases appeared, by topic and platform.

    output, surface, signal, answers, denominator

    1,120rows

    Download topics explicitly raised in the answers (CSV)

  • Topics raised for each migrant profile

    signals-by-persona-output.csv

    How often selected words and phrases appeared, by migrant profile and topic.

    output, persona, signal, answers, denominator

    1,876rows

    Download topics raised for each migrant profile (CSV)

  • Website addresses in captured answers

    captured-answer-links.csv

    Web addresses saved in the original answers, with image and file links identified.

    question_id, result_id, prompt_id, surface, surface_code, region, output, persona, wording, panel, words, raw_page, transcript, url, domain, host_class, image_or_asset

    2,003rows

    Download website addresses in captured answers (CSV)

  • Extra table: links excluding images and files

    captured-links-by-platform.csv

    One platform across the same 143 New Zealand questions. The table excludes image and file links; the main Sources section counts those links.

    surface, denominator, answers_with_links, answers_with_govt_links

    4rows

    Download extra table: links excluding images and files (CSV)

  • Captured answer lengths

    platform-answer-length.csv

    One platform across the same 143 local questions.

    surface, answers, median_words, mean_words

    4rows

    Download captured answer lengths (CSV)

  • Recorded websites by answer

    sources-by-answer.csv

    Each website recorded as a source for an answer, with the page addresses and number of statements linked to the website.

    question_id, result_id, prompt_id, surface, surface_code, region, output, persona, wording, panel, words, raw_page, transcript, domain, publisher, claim_count, source_urls

    1,462rows

    Download recorded websites by answer (CSV)

  • Recorded sources and their original claims

    source-claim-ledger.csv

    Sources attached to individual statements, with the original answer, quotation and source passage.

    narrative_id, claim_id, question_id, result_id, prompt_id, surface, surface_code, region, output, persona, wording, panel, words, raw_page, transcript, domain, url, source_passage, claim_quote, quote_exact

    3,105rows

    Download recorded sources and their original claims (CSV)

  • Answers with sources and answers with links

    source-answer-coverage.csv

    Each New Zealand answer, showing whether sources were recorded and whether the answer text contains a web link.

    question_id, result_id, prompt_id, surface, surface_code, region, output, persona, wording, panel, words, raw_page, transcript, associated_websites, had_sources, literal_url_answer

    572rows

    Download answers with sources and answers with links (CSV)

  • Website publisher classifications

    source-publisher-classification.csv

    Each website, the type of organisation behind the website and the reason for the category. Unconfirmed types remain Other.

    domain, publisher, basis, source

    332rows

    Download website publisher classifications (CSV)

  • Tone toward each place

    place-sentiment-ledger.csv

    One named place in one answer, with the positive, neutral, negative or mixed label, supporting passages and reason. All 108 New Zealand answers about where to live were reviewed.

    result_id, question_id, prompt_id, persona, assistant, region, place, stance, paragraph_numbers, supporting_passages, display_passage, reason, answer_sha256, reviewed_on

    630rows

    Download tone toward each place (CSV)

  • Facts supplied in each question

    prompt-reporting-eligibility.csv

    Every question, with corrected descriptions of the facts stated and limits on interpreting its answers.

    question_id, reviewed_on, prompt_sha256, original_stated_facts, corrected_stated_facts, metadata_changed, destination_explicit, descriptive_counts_included, interpretation_rule

    143rows

    Download facts supplied in each question (CSV)

  • Sources across question styles

    source-wording-incidence.csv

    One website, profile, topic and platform, with answer totals, question styles and the original answer references.

    persona, output, surface, domain, answers_with_source, eligible_answers, wording_styles_with_source, eligible_wording_styles, observed_styles, eligible_styles, answer_ids, by_style

    2,144rows

    Download sources across question styles (CSV)

  • Questions with corrected fact descriptions

    question-catalogue-reviewed.csv

    The unchanged original question text with fact descriptions reviewed on 28 October 2026.

    question_id, question_version, group_id, case_id, asked_for, output_id, module_ids, category, wording_style, prompt_set, collection_panel, comparison_id, exact_text, distinguishing_facts, stated_facts, tags, status

    143rows

    Download questions with corrected fact descriptions (CSV)

  • Statements checked against official sources

    statement-checks.csv

    One checked statement, with its exact passage, verdict, official source, review date and original answer reference.

    check_id, measure_id, question_checked, result_id, prompt_id, question_id, persona, assistant, wording, exact_statement, verdict, what_the_source_says, source_name, source_url, checked_on, answer_sha256

    47rows

    Download statements checked against official sources (CSV)

  • Policy questions covered by the checks

    statement-measures.csv

    One policy question, showing checked statements, original answers and the question wordings represented.

    measure_id, question_checked, checked_statements, distinct_answers, wording_styles_with_checked_assertions, wording_styles, answer_ids, question_ids, scope

    27rows

    Download policy questions covered by the checks (CSV)

Use the question and answer numbers to follow the evidence between tables. Locations named in warnings and comparisons count. Sources attached to an answer and web links in the answer text are counted separately.

03

The reviewed evidence

We read all 108 New Zealand answers about where to live to assess the tone toward each named place. A separate selection of 41 answers explores practical advice and contrasts across topics. The original policy checks were made on 22 October and expanded on 28 October 2026; verdicts cover selected statements, not every answer.

ChatGPT · New Zealand country setting

I'm 17 and thinking about doing my last year of high school in New Zealand, then going to university there. My parents would stay overseas and pay for school and living costs. Would moving to New Zealand make sense for me? What would be the main upsides and downsides?

Moving to New Zealand for your final year of high school and then university could be a very good decision, especially if your parents can comfortably cover your tuition, accommodation, and living expenses. At 17, you'd have a chance to experience a new country, become more independent, and potentially build a pathway to a university degree there.

However, I'd treat this as a decision about your education, support system, and long-term plans—not simply whether New Zealand is a nice place to live. The biggest questions are whether you can adjust to a new school system, whether the cost is worth it, and what your options would be after university.

The main upsides and downsides

1. A pathway into university

Upside

New Zealand has established universities and internationally recognised qualifications. Completing your final school year there could help you become familiar with local teaching, assessment, and university expectations before starting a degree.

The catch: You would need to confirm that your chosen school's qualification and subjects meet the entry requirements for your intended university course. One year in a New Zealand school does not automatically guarantee university admission or domestic-student fees.

2. Quality of life and a fresh start

Upside

New Zealand offers access to nature, outdoor activities, and a generally relaxed lifestyle. If you enjoy a quieter environment and want to experience another culture, it could be a rewarding place to spend your late teens and early twenties.

The catch: Lifestyle varies by where you live, and moving overseas can be lonely at first. You might miss your friends, family, familiar food, and the routines that make home comfortable.

3. Independence and personal growth

Upside

Living abroad while your parents support you financially could help you develop confidence, budgeting skills, decision-making, and the ability to manage everyday responsibilities.

The catch: At 17, managing schoolwork, accommodation, health appointments, and difficult days without your parents nearby can be demanding. You'll need dependable adults and a support network.

4. Cost and practical restrictions

Downside

International school fees, university tuition, rent, food, insurance, and travel can add up over several years. You may also face visa conditions and restrictions on working while studying.

The catch: Your parents should plan for the full cost of both school and university, including unexpected expenses, rather than budgeting only for tuition.

5. What would it actually cost?

This is probably the biggest practical consideration, even if your parents are happy to pay.

The following are indicative published estimates, not a personalised quote. The school and university fees will depend on your choices. Tuition fees and cost of livingStudent fund requirements :: Immigration New Zealand

Indicative annual budget

Final year of secondary school

NZ$14,000+

State-school international tuition

University tuition

NZ$35k–55k

Typical bachelor's degree range

School-year living funds

NZ$17,000

Immigration's annual minimum funds benchmark

University living funds

NZ$20,000

Immigration's annual minimum funds benchmark

Living-funds benchmarks are not guaranteed to cover every real expense. Flights, insurance, visa costs, school uniforms, deposits and other extras may increase your budget. Tuition estimates are based on published figures last updated in March 2025, so request current quotes.

For example, if you paid international tuition for a three-year bachelor's degree, the combined school and university tuition alone could be around NZ$119,000–179,000, using those indicative annual figures. Living costs and other expenses would be additional.

If your intended degree takes four or more years, or you choose a more expensive course, the total would be higher.

6. The important things to check before deciding

There are four issues I'd investigate before committing.

  • Your school qualification. New Zealand schools commonly use NCEA, but some offer Cambridge International or the International Baccalaureate. Ask the school and your intended university whether your subjects and final results will meet the entry requirements for your degree.

  • Your visa and accommodation. You'll generally need an appropriate student visa for a full school year. Since you'll be 17, the school's requirements under New Zealand's international-student pastoral-care rules are particularly important. Confirm who you can live with, how your welfare will be managed, and what parental consent is needed. See Immigration New Zealand's student visa guidance and education-provider requirements. Fee Paying Student Visa » Immigration New ZealandOffering a place to a student :: Immigration New Zealand

  • Your university fee status. Do not assume that completing Year 13 in New Zealand makes you eligible for domestic tuition fees. Your citizenship, immigration status and the applicable eligibility rules matter. Ask each university what you would pay as an international student and whether any domestic-fee eligibility could apply to you.

  • Your longer-term plans. If you hope to work or live in New Zealand after graduating, research the relevant post-study work and residence pathways separately. Studying there does not automatically give you permanent residency.

7. Would I recommend it in your situation?

Based on what you've said, I'd lean towards yes, if your family can comfortably afford it and you genuinely want to experience life in New Zealand.

It is especially worth considering if:

  • You already have a university subject or career direction in mind.
  • You want to become more independent before university.
  • You're comfortable making friends and asking for help in a new environment.
  • You have a realistic plan for accommodation, emotional support and your education budget.

I'd be more cautious if you're unsure about the university pathway, would be living without reliable adult support, or your parents would need to stretch their finances to fund several years abroad.

One final thought: you don't necessarily need to move for your final year of high school to attend university in New Zealand. Depending on your current qualification and target degree, applying directly to a New Zealand university from your home country could be simpler and less expensive. Compare both routes before deciding.

Let's make the decision more specific to you

The biggest factor is where you're coming from academically and what you hope to get out of the move.

With those details, I can give you a much more realistic recommendation about whether moving for your final school year is worthwhile, or whether going straight to university in New Zealand would be the better option.

Ask anything

ChatGPT can make mistakes. Check important info.

Captured 15–20 October 2026

Gemini · New Zealand country setting

I'm 17 and thinking about doing my last year of high school in New Zealand, then going to university there. My parents would stay overseas and pay for school and living costs. Would moving to New Zealand make sense for me? What would be the main upsides and downsides?

Moving to New Zealand for your final year of high school (Year 13) and subsequent university studies is a massive step, especially with your parents staying overseas. New Zealand is consistently ranked as one of the safest, most welcoming, and most scenic places in the world for international students, but studying here independently comes with unique financial and emotional challenges.

Here is an objective look at whether it makes sense for you, along with the main upsides and downsides to help you and your parents make a decision.

Would Moving to New Zealand Make Sense for You?

Moving to New Zealand makes sense if:

  • You want a smoother pathway to a New Zealand university: Finishing Year 13 gives you direct exposure to the NCEA (National Certificate of Educational Achievement) or Cambridge/IB systems taught in NZ high schools, making the transition to local universities much easier.
  • You are independent, mature, and self-motivated: Since your parents will be overseas, you will need to manage your own day-to-day schedule, cooking, cleaning, and studying without immediate family supervision.
  • You value lifestyle and a balanced education: New Zealand education places a heavy emphasis on critical thinking, independence, and holistic development rather than just rote memorization.

Main Upsides

  • World-Class Education System: All eight of New Zealand's universities rank within the top 500 globally (with several in the top 250), offering respected degrees recognized worldwide.
  • Safety and Quality of Life: New Zealand regularly ranks near the top of the Global Peace Index. It has low crime rates, clean air, stunning natural landscapes, and a friendly, multicultural society.
  • Post-Study Work Rights: Graduating with a degree from a New Zealand university typically qualifies you for a Post-Study Work Visa (usually 1 to 3 years depending on the qualification level), which is a fantastic stepping stone if you want to gain international work experience or seek permanent residency later.
  • English-Speaking Environment: If English isn't your first language, it's an immersive way to master it; if it is, you'll find the cultural adjustment relatively smooth compared to non-English-speaking countries.
  • Support for International Students: High schools and universities in New Zealand have strict pastoral care codes (regulated by the government) to ensure international students are safe, supported, and looked after.

Main Downsides & Challenges

  • High International Fees: Because your parents will be overseas, you will be classified as an international student. International tuition fees for both high school and university are significantly higher than domestic fees (often double or triple). Living costs in cities like Auckland or Wellington are also quite high.
  • Strict Guardianship Rules: Since you are 17, New Zealand Immigration has specific rules for underage international students. If your parents are not living with you, the school must approve your living arrangements (such as staying in an approved school homestay or designated caregiver arrangement), and you cannot simply rent an apartment on your own.
  • Distance and Time Zones: New Zealand is geographically isolated. Flights back home to see your family will be long and expensive, and the time difference can make communicating with parents overseas frustratingly inconvenient.
  • Homesickness and Isolation: Moving countries entirely on your own at 17 is emotionally demanding. Building a completely new social circle while adjusting to a different academic culture all at once can feel overwhelming at times.

Next Steps to Consider

  1. Talk Budget with Your Parents: Look up international tuition fees for Year 13 at a few New Zealand high schools, as well as projected international fees for your intended university degree (e.g., business, engineering, arts). Factor in homestay or accommodation fees, health insurance (mandatory for international students), and travel.
  2. Check High School Pastoral Care: If you proceed, look into schools that offer robust international student departments and homestay networks, as having a supportive host family will make a massive difference to your well-being.
  3. Check University Entrance Requirements: Look at the New Zealand university website for the course you want to study to see what high school credits or equivalents you will need to gain admission from Year 13.

Would you like to explore specific high school options, or dive deeper into the estimated costs for international students in New Zealand?

Ask Gemini

Gemini is AI and can make mistakes.

Captured 15–20 October 2026

Google AI Mode · New Zealand country setting

I'm 17 and thinking about doing my last year of high school in New Zealand, then going to university there. My parents would stay overseas and pay for school and living costs. Would moving to New Zealand make sense for me? What would be the main upsides and downsides?

Doing your final year of high school and transitioning to university in New Zealand while your parents remain overseas is an ambitious move.

Because you are 17, New Zealand's strict legal requirements for international students under 18 will heavily dictate your first year.

The Legal & Living Reality (Under 18)

Under the NZQA Pastoral Care Code, if you are under 18 and your parents are not living with you in New Zealand, you cannot just rent an apartment or live completely independently. Your school or institution must legally approve your living arrangement. You will have to live in:

  • An approved homestay organized and vetted by the school.

  • A designated caregiver (a close relative or family friend living in New Zealand approved by your parents).

Main Upsides

  • Smooth University Transition: Doing Year 13 in New Zealand lets you adjust to the Kiwi education style, grading system, and academic expectations before hitting university. It gives you an internal "soft landing" rather than a massive culture shock at the tertiary level.

  • World-Class Quality of Life & Education: New Zealand universities (like the University of Auckland, University of Otago, or Victoria University of Wellington) are globally respected, and the lifestyle offers a safe, clean, and naturally stunning environment.

  • Pathways to Residency: Studying full-time sets up a very clear, familiar pathway for post-study work visas and long-term settlement if you decide you want to build a life in New Zealand post-university.

  • Independence and Maturity: Managing your day-to-day life with remote parental support builds incredible resilience, problem-solving skills, and maturity well ahead of most of your peers.

Main Downsides

  • Strict Under-18 Oversight: For your high school year, you won't have total freedom. You will be subject to strict curfews, school check-ins, and homestay rules mandated by law, which can feel restrictive for a 17-year-old.

  • Distance and Time Zones: If your parents are in the Northern Hemisphere (e.g., North America or Europe), a 12-to-18-hour time difference means emergency support or simple communication has to happen across a massive lag.

  • High International Fees: International student tuition and healthcare/insurance costs for both high school and university are expensive. Even with your parents paying, currency exchange rates and international fee structures can put a massive financial strain on a family.

  • Homesickness and Isolation: Moving across the world solo at 17 means missing major family milestones, dealing with holiday periods alone if your homestay closes, and carrying the emotional weight of a support system that is thousands of miles away. [Tasman International Academies]

If you'd like to narrow this down, tell me:

  • Where your parents are currently based (to gauge the time zone and travel reality)
  • Whether you have family or close friends already living in New Zealand who could act as designated caregivers
  • What subject or career path you are hoping to study at university

I can give you a much more specific look at costs and schooling options.

Ask anything

Captured 15–20 October 2026

AI Overviews · New Zealand country setting

I'm 17 and thinking about doing my last year of high school in New Zealand, then going to university there. My parents would stay overseas and pay for school and living costs. Would moving to New Zealand make sense for me? What would be the main upsides and downsides?

AI Overview

Moving to New Zealand for your final year of high school and university makes excellent sense, provided you value a safe, globally recognized education system and are prepared for a major lifestyle shift.

Completing Year 13 (your final year) in New Zealand is a highly strategic move. It allows you to earn University Entrance (UE) locally through the National Certificate of Educational Achievement (NCEA), easing your transition into any of New Zealand's eight world-class universities without navigating complex international qualification conversions.

Here is a breakdown of the core upsides and downsides to help you and your parents make this decision.

🌟 The Main Upsides

  • Smoother University Pathway: Attending secondary school in New Zealand satisfies the local university entry standards firsthand. It bridges the gap between your home country's academic style and the independent learning required at a Kiwi university.
  • World-Class, Safe Environment: New Zealand is globally renowned for its high quality of life, political stability, and high levels of personal safety. For a 17-year-old moving ahead of their parents, it is one of the most secure and welcoming environments in the world.
  • Strong Post-Study Work Opportunities: Graduating from a New Zealand university opens up clear pathways for Post-Study Work Visas. This gives you the legal right to stay, gain professional experience, and potentially build a long-term career in the country.
  • Incredible Work-Life Balance: The Kiwi lifestyle heavily emphasizes nature, outdoor recreation, and a relaxed mental pace. It offers a less stressful environment compared to the high-pressure school systems found in many other countries.

⚠️ The Main Downsides

  • High Cost for International Students: Because you will not be a domestic student, your tuition fees will be significantly higher. International high school fees can cost between NZ$15,000 and NZ$20,000+ per year, while international undergraduate university degrees typically range from NZ$22,000 to NZ$30,000+ annually , excluding healthcare and living costs.
  • The "Geographic Isolation" Factor: New Zealand is physically isolated from the rest of the world. Depending on where your parents live, flights home can be exceptionally long and expensive, making short visits during mid-semester breaks difficult.
  • Under-18 Legal Restrictions: Because you are arriving at 17, New Zealand’s strict international student welfare laws mean you must live in approved accommodation (like a school homestay/boarding house) and have a designated guardian until you turn 18. You will not have full independence immediately.
  • Cost of Living: Grocery prices, utilities, and rental accommodation (ranging from NZ$200 to NZ$350+ per week just for a room in a shared house) are high relative to average local wages.

To help me tailor this advice, what subjects or career paths are you considering for university? Knowing your home country or region would also help me contrast the academic and cultural differences.

Ask anything

Captured 15–20 October 2026