Evidence · Immigration

Immigration: questions, answers and evidence

Read all 797 original answers and the tables behind the findings. The 27 missing answers are from the China comparison on three platforms.

questions
143
captured answers
797
missing responses
27
answers collected
15–20 October 2026

01

Every question, with its answers

Each question was written as a voter would ask it and went to all four assistants. Some were also asked from a town. Open a question to read every answer to it in full.

Showing 20 of 143 questions

02

The tables behind the study

Every figure on the study page comes from these tables. They are CSV files, which open in any spreadsheet.

  • Complete AI answers

    answers.csv

    One complete original answer, with the question, platform, country setting and migrant profile.

    question_id, surface_code, location_ref, result_id, prompt_id, platform, scan_id, collection_panel, question_text, response_text

  • The questions we asked

    question-catalogue.csv

    One question with the migrant profile, wording and purpose.

    question_id, question_version, group_id, case_id, asked_for, output_id, module_ids, category, wording_style, prompt_set, collection_panel, comparison_id, exact_text, distinguishing_facts, stated_facts, tags, status

  • Planned questions, platforms and countries

    execution-assignments.csv

    One question, platform and country we planned to collect an answer from.

    question_id, collection_panel, location_name, location_ref, surface, surface_code

  • The 27 missing answers

    missing-cells.csv

    One expected answer that was not collected.

    question_id, collection_panel, location_name, location_ref, surface, surface_code

  • Locations named for each migrant profile

    location-by-persona.csv

    How often a place was named in the twelve New Zealand answers for each migrant profile.

    persona, place, answers, denominator, wording_styles, wording_count, surface_count

  • Locations named across question wordings

    location-by-wording.csv

    One profile, platform and place, showing which versions of the question led to an answer naming the place.

    persona, surface, place, answers, denominator, wording_styles

  • Locations named by collection country

    location-by-region.csv

    One place and country setting; the China comparison has nine answers on Google AI Mode only.

    region, place, answers, denominator, surfaces

  • Eight countries on Google AI Mode

    location-ai-mode-eight-regions.csv

    One place and country across the same nine questions on Google AI Mode.

    region, place, answers, denominator

  • Matched local and overseas answers

    matched-region-answer-pairs.csv

    A New Zealand answer alongside the same question and platform using another country setting.

    region, surface, persona, question_id, result_id, nz_result_id, same_place_set, jaccard, added_names, omitted_names

  • Topics explicitly raised in the answers

    signals-by-output-platform.csv

    How often selected words and phrases appeared, by topic and platform.

    output, surface, signal, answers, denominator

  • Topics raised for each migrant profile

    signals-by-persona-output.csv

    How often selected words and phrases appeared, by migrant profile and topic.

    output, persona, signal, answers, denominator

  • Website addresses in captured answers

    captured-answer-links.csv

    Web addresses saved in the original answers, with image and file links identified.

    question_id, result_id, prompt_id, surface, surface_code, region, output, persona, wording, panel, words, raw_page, transcript, url, domain, host_class, image_or_asset

  • Extra table: links excluding images and files

    captured-links-by-platform.csv

    One platform across the same 143 New Zealand questions. The table excludes image and file links; the main Sources section counts those links.

    surface, denominator, answers_with_links, answers_with_govt_links

  • Captured answer lengths

    platform-answer-length.csv

    One platform across the same 143 local questions.

    surface, answers, median_words, mean_words

  • Recorded websites by answer

    sources-by-answer.csv

    Each website recorded as a source for an answer, with the page addresses and number of statements linked to the website.

    question_id, result_id, prompt_id, surface, surface_code, region, output, persona, wording, panel, words, raw_page, transcript, domain, publisher, claim_count, source_urls

  • Recorded sources and their original claims

    source-claim-ledger.csv

    Sources attached to individual statements, with the original answer, quotation and source passage.

    narrative_id, claim_id, question_id, result_id, prompt_id, surface, surface_code, region, output, persona, wording, panel, words, raw_page, transcript, domain, url, source_passage, claim_quote, quote_exact

  • Answers with sources and answers with links

    source-answer-coverage.csv

    Each New Zealand answer, showing whether sources were recorded and whether the answer text contains a web link.

    question_id, result_id, prompt_id, surface, surface_code, region, output, persona, wording, panel, words, raw_page, transcript, associated_websites, had_sources, literal_url_answer

  • Website publisher classifications

    source-publisher-classification.csv

    Each website, the type of organisation behind the website and the reason for the category. Unconfirmed types remain Other.

    domain, publisher, basis, source

  • Tone toward each place

    place-sentiment-ledger.csv

    One named place in one answer, with the positive, neutral, negative or mixed label, supporting passages and reason. All 108 New Zealand answers about where to live were reviewed.

    result_id, question_id, prompt_id, persona, assistant, region, place, stance, paragraph_numbers, supporting_passages, display_passage, reason, answer_sha256, reviewed_on

  • Facts supplied in each question

    prompt-reporting-eligibility.csv

    Every question, with corrected descriptions of the facts stated and limits on interpreting its answers.

    question_id, reviewed_on, prompt_sha256, original_stated_facts, corrected_stated_facts, metadata_changed, destination_explicit, descriptive_counts_included, interpretation_rule

  • Sources across question styles

    source-wording-incidence.csv

    One website, profile, topic and platform, with answer totals, question styles and the original answer references.

    persona, output, surface, domain, answers_with_source, eligible_answers, wording_styles_with_source, eligible_wording_styles, observed_styles, eligible_styles, answer_ids, by_style

  • Questions with corrected fact descriptions

    question-catalogue-reviewed.csv

    The unchanged original question text with fact descriptions reviewed on 28 October 2026.

    question_id, question_version, group_id, case_id, asked_for, output_id, module_ids, category, wording_style, prompt_set, collection_panel, comparison_id, exact_text, distinguishing_facts, stated_facts, tags, status

  • Statements checked against official sources

    statement-checks.csv

    One checked statement, with its exact passage, verdict, official source, review date and original answer reference.

    check_id, measure_id, question_checked, result_id, prompt_id, question_id, persona, assistant, wording, exact_statement, verdict, what_the_source_says, source_name, source_url, checked_on, answer_sha256

  • Policy questions covered by the checks

    statement-measures.csv

    One policy question, showing checked statements, original answers and the question wordings represented.

    measure_id, question_checked, checked_statements, distinct_answers, wording_styles_with_checked_assertions, wording_styles, answer_ids, question_ids, scope

Use the question and answer numbers to follow the evidence between tables. Locations named in warnings and comparisons count. Sources attached to an answer and web links in the answer text are counted separately.

03

The reviewed evidence

We read all 108 New Zealand answers about where to live to assess the tone toward each named place. A separate selection of 41 answers explores practical advice and contrasts across topics. The original policy checks were made on 22 October and expanded on 28 October 2026; verdicts cover selected statements, not every answer.

ChatGPT · New Zealand country setting

I'm an experienced hotel and restaurant manager looking for year-round work, and I'm worried about rent. What should I sort out before I decide whether to move?

With your experience in hotel and restaurant management, I’d approach moving to New Zealand as a financial and career decision first, and a lifestyle decision second. The key is to find a place where you can secure reliable, year-round hospitality work and afford rent without relying on overtime, tips, or a perfect tourist season.

Before committing to a move, I’d sort out five things: the jobs available, the true cost of living, your housing options, your employment security, and how much money you need in reserve.

1. Establish where the year-round jobs are

Think beyond job titles and focus on stable employers.

Your management experience could suit several types of employers:

  • Hotels with consistent business: business hotels, airport hotels, larger accommodation groups and properties serving corporate or conference guests.
  • Restaurants with steady local demand: established restaurants, hotel restaurants, cafés and multi-site hospitality operators.
  • Institutional and contract catering: organisations providing regular food services, where contracts and operating hours may be more predictable.
  • Large hospitality groups: potentially offering progression into operations, food and beverage management, general management or multi-site roles.

Be cautious about assuming that a busy tourism destination offers year-round employment. A location can be packed in summer and much quieter in winter.

When assessing an opportunity, ask:

  • Is the position permanent, fixed-term, casual or seasonal?
  • What are the guaranteed weekly hours?
  • How does the business perform in its quietest months?
  • Is the role genuinely salaried, and what hours are expected?
  • What is staff turnover like, and why is the position vacant?

My preference would be a permanent management role with guaranteed income before relocating, rather than moving first and hoping to find suitable work.

2. Work out what rent you can actually afford

This is the part I’d settle before choosing a destination. In New Zealand, advertised rent is usually weekly, and the upfront cost can be substantial.

Tenancy Services says a landlord can generally require up to four weeks’ rent as bond, plus rent in advance. For example, at $500 a week, four weeks’ bond and two weeks’ rent in advance would mean $3,000 upfront, before moving expenses or household setup costs. Information for new tenants » Tenancy ServicesPreparing to rent

Use this simple budget as your starting point:

Monthly or weekly cost What to include
Housing Rent, power, internet and water where applicable
Transport Car costs or public transport to late shifts
Living expenses Food, phone, insurance and essentials
Work costs Uniform, shoes, parking and professional expenses
Financial security Savings, emergencies and travel home if needed

I would calculate your budget using your expected take-home pay, not your gross salary. Then test whether you could manage on your guaranteed hours alone.

For housing, compare three options before moving:

  • A room in a shared house: often the lowest-cost way to get established.
  • A small flat or apartment: more privacy, but potentially higher rent and utility costs.
  • Employer-provided accommodation: potentially useful, particularly if you're moving for a hotel position, but check the rent charged, conditions and what happens to your housing if your employment ends.

You can check actual rental bond data by region and dwelling type through the official Tenancy Services market rent tool. Use it as a guide alongside current listings, not as a guarantee of what you'll pay. Market rent » Tenancy Services

3. Protect yourself against seasonal income

Your experience should give you options beyond entry-level hospitality work, but seniority alone doesn't guarantee stable hours or a good salary.

MBIE's 2025 hospitality and tourism workforce report identified ongoing concerns around fair pay, staff retention and employee wellbeing. It also found that permanent full-time roles were common among surveyed workers, but not universal. Hospitality and tourism employment: Strengthening futures 2025Hospitality and tourism employment: Strengthening futures 2025

Before accepting an offer, get clear answers on:

  • Your guaranteed hours or annual salary.
  • Whether overtime is expected and how it is paid or compensated.
  • Whether your role continues during the quiet season.
  • Your roster, weekend expectations and on-call requirements.
  • Your annual leave, sick leave and other contractual entitlements.
  • Whether the employer offers accommodation, meals, relocation assistance or a staff transport arrangement.

Ask to see the written employment agreement before making a financial commitment. New Zealand's official hospitality employment guidance explains the basics of hours, agreements and employment rights. Working in hospitality

One especially important point: if your accommodation is tied to your job, have a backup housing plan. Losing a role should not automatically leave you without somewhere to live.

4. Check your right to work and your employment prospects

If you're already entitled to work in New Zealand, check whether there are any restrictions relevant to the roles you're considering. If you would need a visa, verify the current visa conditions and whether the jobs and employers you're targeting meet those requirements before paying relocation costs.

Prepare a management-focused CV that highlights measurable results, such as:

  • Team sizes managed and staff development.
  • Revenue, labour-cost control and profitability.
  • Guest satisfaction and service standards.
  • Food safety, compliance and operational systems.
  • Experience managing busy periods, quieter trading months and budgets.

For year-round stability, I would target employers with multiple revenue streams or established local demand, rather than judging a property by its reputation as a tourist destination alone.

5. Build a financial safety net before moving

Ideally, have enough money to cover:

  • Bond and rent in advance.
  • Travel and relocation expenses.
  • Temporary accommodation while you secure a longer-term rental.
  • Essential living costs while waiting for your first pay.
  • An emergency reserve if the job falls through or your start date is delayed.

I would aim for at least two to three months of essential living costs in accessible savings, if possible, in addition to your move-in costs. More is preferable if you are relocating without a signed employment agreement.

If you need help with bond or accommodation costs, Work and Income explains the assistance that may be available to eligible people. Don't build your plan around receiving assistance until your eligibility is confirmed. Moving house

Your pre-move checklist

Before you commit

0 of 7

Identify employers offering permanent, year-round management roles

Compare realistic take-home pay against rent and essential expenses

Check current room and rental listings and upfront move-in costs

Obtain and review the written employment agreement

Confirm work eligibility and any visa requirements

Arrange temporary accommodation and a backup housing plan

Set aside relocation costs and emergency savings

Let's narrow this down to your situation

The best move depends on whether you're looking for work within New Zealand already or planning to relocate here, and how much financial risk you're comfortable taking.

With your management background, I'd focus on securing the right job and confirming affordable housing before choosing where to settle. That puts you in a much stronger position than moving first and trying to make the numbers work afterwards.

Ask anything

ChatGPT can make mistakes. Check important info.

Captured 15–20 October 2026

Gemini · New Zealand country setting

I'm an experienced hotel and restaurant manager looking for year-round work, and I'm worried about rent. What should I sort out before I decide whether to move?

As an experienced hotel and restaurant manager looking for year-round stability, moving anywhere in New Zealand requires a careful look at the intersection of regional rental markets and hospitality hubs. Rent and housing availability vary drastically between major metropolitan centers, regional cities, and high-amenity tourism hotspots (which notoriously suffer from severe seasonal housing crunches).

Before you decide to pack up and move, you should sort out the following checklist:


1. Target Region & Year-Round Market Viability

Not all tourism hotspots offer stable 12-month work. You need to align your target destination with true year-round economic depth:

  • The Deep Markets: Major urban centers like Auckland, Wellington, and Christchurch, alongside structured tourism hubs like Queenstown, offer the deepest year-round management markets.
  • The Trap: Smaller lifestyle or seasonal towns (e.g., parts of the wider Otago/Lakes district outside core Queenstown/Wanaka, or smaller coastal destinations) can see massive employment slowdowns in the shoulder/winter months, making year-round management contracts scarce and leaving rentals intensely competitive due to ski-season or summer influxes.

2. Rental Market Realities & Financial Runway

New Zealand’s rental market shows stark regional divergences. Before committing, calculate your buffer:

  • The Bond & Upfront Costs: Landlords typically require up to 4 weeks' rent for bond (lodged with Tenancy Services) plus 1–2 weeks' rent in advance.
  • The Cash Buffer: Ensure you have at least 2 to 3 months of living expenses saved. Securing a management role can take time, and competitive rental markets mean you might not find a suitable place immediately.

3. Local Rental Application Preparedness

Landlords and property managers in New Zealand face high demand for quality rentals and move quickly. Have a digital "tenant CV" ready to go before you apply:

  • References: Written references from previous employers and past landlords (including contact details).
  • Proof of Income/Employment: If you already have a job lined up, an employment agreement showing your salary. If you are moving before securing work, you will need to demonstrate substantial savings or a clear financial runway to prove you can cover rent.
  • Identification: Passports or driver's licenses.

4. Current Housing Supply vs. Commutability

In high-demand or premium lifestyle regions, finding a long-term rental can be notoriously difficult.

  • Look into suburbs or satellite towns adjacent to your target hospitality hub. Expanding your search radius by 20–30 minutes can open up significantly more housing stock and slightly friendlier price points.
  • Check whether prospective employers offer temporary staff accommodation or relocation assistance—a common perk for upper-tier hotel and restaurant managers moving to regions like Queenstown or remote luxury lodges.

Are you targeting a specific type of location (like a major metro city versus a destination resort town), or do you already have a region in mind for your next move?

Ask Gemini

Gemini is AI and can make mistakes.

Captured 15–20 October 2026

Google AI Mode · New Zealand country setting

I'm an experienced hotel and restaurant manager looking for year-round work, and I'm worried about rent. What should I sort out before I decide whether to move?

As an experienced hospitality manager looking for year-round work, moving in New Zealand requires balancing regional rental spikes against seasonal employment traps. Many prime hospitality and tourism hubs (like Queenstown , Wanaka , or parts of Northland and the Bay of Plenty) suffer from severe housing crunches or extreme seasonal lulls where year-round work can be scarce or hours get slashed in the winter.

To protect yourself and your finances before making a move, you should sort out the following checklist:

  • Financial Runway & Upfront Costs: Under the Residential Tenancies Act, landlords can legally charge a maximum of 4 weeks' rent for a bond and 2 weeks' rent in advance (letting fees are banned). With national median rents hovering around $550 to $650 a week depending on the region, you need at least $3,300 to $3,900 cash just for entry costs, plus moving/relocation expenses. Have an emergency fund covering 3 months of living costs in case employment takes time to stabilize.

  • Year-Round Employment Verification: Do not rely on verbal promises of "full-time, year-round" hours in seasonal towns. Secure a signed employment contract specifying guaranteed minimum hours. Research whether the local economy relies strictly on summer tourism or ski seasons, or if it boasts a diverse local corporate/dining sector that sustains managers through the shoulder months.

  • Market Rent Research: Use the Tenancy Services Market Rent Tool to look up historical and current median rents for the specific town or suburb you are targeting. Compare high-cost centers like Auckland ($650/wk) or Bay of Plenty ($630/wk) with steadier regional or provincial hubs where rent and living costs can be $80 to $120 cheaper per week.

  • Accommodation Availability & Contingencies: In many high-demand regions, rental properties are fiercely contested with dozens of applicants. Check active listings on platforms like Trade Me Property to gauge supply. Have a Plan B (such as temporary corporate housing, staying with contacts, or staff accommodation provided by the employer if reputable) so you aren't forced into an overpriced or substandard lease out of desperation.

  • Commute and Logistics: Factor in transport costs. If you secure a management role in a central tourism strip but have to live 20–30 minutes out due to lack of local housing, calculate the cost of fuel, vehicle maintenance, or limited public transport against your salary.

If you have a specific region or city in mind for your move, let me know and I can help you break down its local median rent and whether it leans heavily seasonal or truly year-round for hospitality managers.

Ask anything

Captured 15–20 October 2026

AI Overviews · New Zealand country setting

I'm an experienced hotel and restaurant manager looking for year-round work, and I'm worried about rent. What should I sort out before I decide whether to move?

AI Overview

Moving to New Zealand as a hospitality manager requires balancing immigration thresholds , regional rental markets , and industry licensing laws before you commit. To ensure your management income comfortably covers rent, you need to sort out four specific areas before deciding to move.

1. Wage Thresholds vs. Rental Viability

To stay comfortably ahead of high New Zealand rents, your target market salary needs to exceed the current Immigration New Zealand median wage of NZD $35.00 per hour.

  • The Reality Check: While entry-level or assistant hospitality roles pay around $30.00 – $34.00 per hour , an experienced Hotel or Restaurant Manager can expect $35.00 to $40.00+ per hour depending on the establishment scale.
  • The Math: At $35/hour (approx. $1,400 Gross/week for a 40-hour week), your net take-home pay is roughly $1,070 per week. New Zealand rental properties are priced weekly. Across NZ, average rents range between $550 to $750+ per week for standalone units, which eats up over 50% of a single income.
  • Action Item: Aim strictly for Senior Manager, General Manager, or Multi-site operational roles to cross the $38.50+ threshold, bringing rent down to a healthier 30–35% of your income.

2. Geographic Location for Year-Round Security

Hospitality in New Zealand is notoriously seasonal. To secure stable, year-round management income to cover a 12-month fixed-term tenancy, you must choose your geographic market wisely:

Region Type Pros for Managers Cons / Rental Pressures
Metropolitan Hubs
(e.g., Corporate hotels, major restaurant groups) Stable corporate & local trade year-round. Extreme rent competition ; lower vacancy rates.
Resort/Tourism Towns
(e.g., Alpine or coastal hot spots) High demand for premium international hospitality skills. Extreme seasonal fluctuations ; severe staff housing shortages where rent can easily outpace wages.
  • Action Item: Focus your job hunt on larger commercial cities or major regional hubs that do not rely solely on holiday tourist rushes, protecting your cash flow during the winter or off-season periods.

3. Mandatory New Zealand Licensing (LCQ)

You cannot legally operate as a sole manager on duty in most NZ establishments without local accreditation, regardless of your international experience.

  • The Requirements: If the venue serves alcohol, you must be at least 20 years old, hold a Licence Controller Qualification (LCQ) , and successfully apply for an individual Manager's Certificate.
  • Action Item: You can complete the LCQ training unit standards online before moving. Getting this sorted early makes you instantly employable at a premium rate, preventing a costly multi-week delay while waiting for local councils to process certifications.

4. Moving & Rental Setup Capital

Landing a rental property in New Zealand requires significant upfront cash. Landlords typically demand a maximum 4-week bond plus 1 to 2 weeks of rent in advance.

  • Action Item: For an average NZ rental costing $650/week, expect to pay $3,900 upfront just to secure the keys. Combine this with temporary accommodation costs (like an Airbnb or hostel) while you house-hunt, and you should save a minimum of NZD $7,000–$8,000 in liquid setup capital before making the move.

To help map out a realistic budget, are you planning to move alone or with family , and what specific type of establishment (e.g., boutique hotels, franchise restaurants, corporate resorts) do you have the most experience managing?

Ask anything

Captured 15–20 October 2026