Evidence · Immigration

Immigration: questions, answers and evidence

Read all 797 original answers and the tables behind the findings. The 27 missing answers are from the China comparison on three platforms.

questions
143
captured answers
797
missing responses
27
answers collected
15–20 October 2026

01

Every question, with its answers

Each question was written as a voter would ask it and went to all four assistants. Some were also asked from a town. Open a question to read every answer to it in full.

Showing 20 of 143 questions

02

The tables behind the study

Every figure on the study page comes from these tables. They are CSV files, which open in any spreadsheet.

  • Complete AI answers

    answers.csv

    One complete original answer, with the question, platform, country setting and migrant profile.

    question_id, surface_code, location_ref, result_id, prompt_id, platform, scan_id, collection_panel, question_text, response_text

  • The questions we asked

    question-catalogue.csv

    One question with the migrant profile, wording and purpose.

    question_id, question_version, group_id, case_id, asked_for, output_id, module_ids, category, wording_style, prompt_set, collection_panel, comparison_id, exact_text, distinguishing_facts, stated_facts, tags, status

  • Planned questions, platforms and countries

    execution-assignments.csv

    One question, platform and country we planned to collect an answer from.

    question_id, collection_panel, location_name, location_ref, surface, surface_code

  • The 27 missing answers

    missing-cells.csv

    One expected answer that was not collected.

    question_id, collection_panel, location_name, location_ref, surface, surface_code

  • Locations named for each migrant profile

    location-by-persona.csv

    How often a place was named in the twelve New Zealand answers for each migrant profile.

    persona, place, answers, denominator, wording_styles, wording_count, surface_count

  • Locations named across question wordings

    location-by-wording.csv

    One profile, platform and place, showing which versions of the question led to an answer naming the place.

    persona, surface, place, answers, denominator, wording_styles

  • Locations named by collection country

    location-by-region.csv

    One place and country setting; the China comparison has nine answers on Google AI Mode only.

    region, place, answers, denominator, surfaces

  • Eight countries on Google AI Mode

    location-ai-mode-eight-regions.csv

    One place and country across the same nine questions on Google AI Mode.

    region, place, answers, denominator

  • Matched local and overseas answers

    matched-region-answer-pairs.csv

    A New Zealand answer alongside the same question and platform using another country setting.

    region, surface, persona, question_id, result_id, nz_result_id, same_place_set, jaccard, added_names, omitted_names

  • Topics explicitly raised in the answers

    signals-by-output-platform.csv

    How often selected words and phrases appeared, by topic and platform.

    output, surface, signal, answers, denominator

  • Topics raised for each migrant profile

    signals-by-persona-output.csv

    How often selected words and phrases appeared, by migrant profile and topic.

    output, persona, signal, answers, denominator

  • Website addresses in captured answers

    captured-answer-links.csv

    Web addresses saved in the original answers, with image and file links identified.

    question_id, result_id, prompt_id, surface, surface_code, region, output, persona, wording, panel, words, raw_page, transcript, url, domain, host_class, image_or_asset

  • Extra table: links excluding images and files

    captured-links-by-platform.csv

    One platform across the same 143 New Zealand questions. The table excludes image and file links; the main Sources section counts those links.

    surface, denominator, answers_with_links, answers_with_govt_links

  • Captured answer lengths

    platform-answer-length.csv

    One platform across the same 143 local questions.

    surface, answers, median_words, mean_words

  • Recorded websites by answer

    sources-by-answer.csv

    Each website recorded as a source for an answer, with the page addresses and number of statements linked to the website.

    question_id, result_id, prompt_id, surface, surface_code, region, output, persona, wording, panel, words, raw_page, transcript, domain, publisher, claim_count, source_urls

  • Recorded sources and their original claims

    source-claim-ledger.csv

    Sources attached to individual statements, with the original answer, quotation and source passage.

    narrative_id, claim_id, question_id, result_id, prompt_id, surface, surface_code, region, output, persona, wording, panel, words, raw_page, transcript, domain, url, source_passage, claim_quote, quote_exact

  • Answers with sources and answers with links

    source-answer-coverage.csv

    Each New Zealand answer, showing whether sources were recorded and whether the answer text contains a web link.

    question_id, result_id, prompt_id, surface, surface_code, region, output, persona, wording, panel, words, raw_page, transcript, associated_websites, had_sources, literal_url_answer

  • Website publisher classifications

    source-publisher-classification.csv

    Each website, the type of organisation behind the website and the reason for the category. Unconfirmed types remain Other.

    domain, publisher, basis, source

  • Tone toward each place

    place-sentiment-ledger.csv

    One named place in one answer, with the positive, neutral, negative or mixed label, supporting passages and reason. All 108 New Zealand answers about where to live were reviewed.

    result_id, question_id, prompt_id, persona, assistant, region, place, stance, paragraph_numbers, supporting_passages, display_passage, reason, answer_sha256, reviewed_on

  • Facts supplied in each question

    prompt-reporting-eligibility.csv

    Every question, with corrected descriptions of the facts stated and limits on interpreting its answers.

    question_id, reviewed_on, prompt_sha256, original_stated_facts, corrected_stated_facts, metadata_changed, destination_explicit, descriptive_counts_included, interpretation_rule

  • Sources across question styles

    source-wording-incidence.csv

    One website, profile, topic and platform, with answer totals, question styles and the original answer references.

    persona, output, surface, domain, answers_with_source, eligible_answers, wording_styles_with_source, eligible_wording_styles, observed_styles, eligible_styles, answer_ids, by_style

  • Questions with corrected fact descriptions

    question-catalogue-reviewed.csv

    The unchanged original question text with fact descriptions reviewed on 28 October 2026.

    question_id, question_version, group_id, case_id, asked_for, output_id, module_ids, category, wording_style, prompt_set, collection_panel, comparison_id, exact_text, distinguishing_facts, stated_facts, tags, status

  • Statements checked against official sources

    statement-checks.csv

    One checked statement, with its exact passage, verdict, official source, review date and original answer reference.

    check_id, measure_id, question_checked, result_id, prompt_id, question_id, persona, assistant, wording, exact_statement, verdict, what_the_source_says, source_name, source_url, checked_on, answer_sha256

  • Policy questions covered by the checks

    statement-measures.csv

    One policy question, showing checked statements, original answers and the question wordings represented.

    measure_id, question_checked, checked_statements, distinct_answers, wording_styles_with_checked_assertions, wording_styles, answer_ids, question_ids, scope

Use the question and answer numbers to follow the evidence between tables. Locations named in warnings and comparisons count. Sources attached to an answer and web links in the answer text are counted separately.

03

The reviewed evidence

We read all 108 New Zealand answers about where to live to assess the tone toward each named place. A separate selection of 41 answers explores practical advice and contrasts across topics. The original policy checks were made on 22 October and expanded on 28 October 2026; verdicts cover selected statements, not every answer.

ChatGPT · New Zealand country setting

I've managed hotels and restaurants for several years and need a reliable year-round role. How realistic is it that I could find suitable work, and what could get in the way?

With several years of experience managing hotels and restaurants, you have a realistic chance of finding suitable, year-round work in New Zealand. Your experience is a meaningful advantage, particularly if you've managed staff, budgets, customer service, daily operations and business performance.

The key distinction is between finding any hospitality job and finding a stable, reasonably paid management role that operates throughout the year. The second is achievable, but your prospects will depend on the type of employer you target, your flexibility about roles and location, and how your experience matches current vacancies.

How realistic are your prospects?

Permanent hotel or restaurant management

A realistic target. Established hotels, restaurant groups and larger hospitality businesses need ongoing operational leadership, staff management and cost control. Your experience is directly relevant.

Year-round operational roles

Potentially your strongest route to stability. Hotel operations, food and beverage management, conference and events operations, and larger venues may provide more consistent work than seasonal tourism businesses.

Senior roles such as general manager or area manager

Possible if you have demonstrable responsibility for profit and loss, recruitment, compliance, budgets and multiple departments or sites. There are fewer of these vacancies, so the search may take longer.

My overall assessment is cautiously optimistic: you are not starting from scratch, and you don't necessarily need to leave hospitality to achieve stability. You may, however, need to broaden your search beyond traditional restaurant and hotel manager job titles.

What could get in the way?

The main obstacles are not necessarily a lack of experience. They are the conditions attached to particular jobs and the way employers assess management candidates.

  1. Seasonal demand

Some hotels, resorts, tourist attractions and restaurants experience substantial peaks and troughs. A management job can look attractive but still depend on summer trade or the ski season. New Zealand's tourism ministry specifically identifies seasonal demand as a barrier to stable employment. Embrace the flux, enable the flexEmbracing the peaks and troughs of tourism demand

  1. Salary and responsibility expectations

Employers recruiting senior managers may want evidence of financial results, labour-cost control, revenue growth, compliance and staff retention. If your CV describes responsibilities but not measurable achievements, you could be overlooked despite having substantial experience.

  1. The trade-off between stability and seniority

You may find more permanent opportunities by considering operations manager, duty manager, food and beverage manager or multi-site manager positions, rather than applying exclusively for general manager jobs. The challenge is finding a role that offers reliable hours and income without requiring too large a step down in seniority.

  1. Working conditions and burnout

Evening and weekend work, staff shortages, customer complaints and long shifts can make an otherwise permanent job unsustainable. The 2025 hospitality and tourism workforce report identified concerns around fair pay, bullying and retention. Hospitality and tourism employment: Strengthening futures 2025

  1. The size of your job market

The more narrowly you define your preferred location, salary, working hours and type of establishment, the fewer vacancies you can realistically consider. You do not necessarily need to relocate, but flexibility about employer type can make a difference.

Where I would focus your search

For someone with your background who values security, I'd prioritise employers whose business continues throughout the year.

Employer type Why it may suit you What to check
Established hotels and accommodation groups Ongoing operational and staffing needs Whether the role is permanent and full-time
Hospital, university and institutional catering Potentially more predictable demand and rosters Contract length, operating hours and outsourced contracts
Large restaurant groups Opportunities to manage several venues or progress internally Turnover, financial performance and staffing expectations
Conference, events and corporate hospitality venues Management experience transfers well How much revenue depends on seasonal events
Multi-site hospitality operators Broader responsibility and potential career progression Travel, on-call expectations and workload

The second category is particularly worth exploring if your priority is a dependable income rather than working in a traditional hotel or restaurant. These are target employer types, not a claim that vacancies are currently available in each category.

New Zealand's hospitality and tourism sector offers genuine career paths, and its 2025 workforce research found that 59% of surveyed workers were in permanent full-time roles. That is encouraging, although it describes the existing workforce, not your individual chance of being hired. Hospitality & Tourism Careers in NZHospitality and tourism employment: Strengthening futures 2025

How I'd approach the search over the next month

  1. Set your non-negotiables first. Decide the minimum salary you can accept, whether you need guaranteed full-time hours, and whether weekends or evening shifts are acceptable.
  2. Prepare a results-focused CV. Include the size of teams you've managed, budgets or revenue you were responsible for, improvements you made, and examples of solving staffing or service problems.
  3. Search beyond one job title. Try hotel operations manager, accommodation manager, food and beverage manager, venue manager, hospitality operations manager, and multi-site manager.
  4. Check the contract before accepting. Ask whether the position is permanent, whether hours are guaranteed, how seasonal fluctuations affect staffing, and what the actual roster looks like.
  5. Use the current hiring cycle. SEEK's historical data shows hospitality and tourism advertisements often rise from August into October ahead of the summer season. That makes October a sensible time to search, while carefully distinguishing year-round positions from seasonal recruitment. NZ Seasonality report

Useful starting points include SEEK New Zealand, Trade Me Jobs and CareersNZ.

My honest verdict

I would not assume that you need to retrain or abandon hospitality. Your management background gives you a credible starting point. The biggest risk is accepting another demanding role that offers a management title but not the income security or working conditions you're looking for.

To judge your prospects more accurately, what is your biggest priority: a dependable full-time salary, staying in a particular part of New Zealand, or keeping a management-level position? That distinction would help me identify the most realistic path for you.

Ask anything

ChatGPT can make mistakes. Check important info.

Captured 15–20 October 2026

Gemini · New Zealand country setting

I've managed hotels and restaurants for several years and need a reliable year-round role. How realistic is it that I could find suitable work, and what could get in the way?

With several years of hotel and restaurant management experience, finding suitable, year-round work in New Zealand is moderately to quite realistic, but it comes with notable headwinds depending on current economic conditions and location.

How Realistic Is It?

  • Your Experience is an Asset: New Zealand’s hospitality and tourism sectors value proven management experience. Large hotel chains (like Accor, Marriott, IHG, and Sudima), nationwide restaurant groups, and established independent operators regularly look for reliable Duty Managers, Food & Beverage Managers, and Restaurant/Hotel Managers.
  • Year-Round vs. Seasonal: While regions heavily reliant on international tourism (like Queenstown or parts of the
    Bay of Islands) experience sharp seasonal peaks and troughs, year-round roles are readily available in major metropolitan hubs and larger regional centers where corporate travel, local dining, and conference markets keep doors open consistently.
  • The Compliance Edge: If you already have (or can quickly acquire) local legal prerequisites—such as a New Zealand Manager’s Certificate for selling and supplying alcohol—your employability increases significantly, as venues legally require licensed managers on-site.

What Could Get in the Way?

Several systemic and economic factors could complicate your job search or affect long-term job satisfaction:

  1. Economic Pressures and Consumer Spending:
    The broader economic climate has been tight, with discretionary spending under pressure and a high volume of hospitality businesses facing financial headwinds. While people are still eating out and traveling, operators are running lean. Many venues operate with tighter headcounts, meaning fewer mid-level management positions or bloated corporate structures, and a heavier operational burden on the managers they do hire.
  2. High Turnover and Burnout Culture:
    Workforce surveys by agencies like the Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment (MBIE) note that management roles in hospitality frequently face high stress, long or irregular hours (weekends, nights, and holidays), and exposure to high staff turnover. Finding a reliable, sustainable year-round role means carefully vetting company culture, as burnout is a known retention hurdle in the sector.
  3. Pay vs. Cost of Living:
    While senior hotel and restaurant managers can command solid salaries, many mid-tier or regional operational roles have wage structures that feel compressed relative to New Zealand’s high cost of living. A significant percentage of hospitality workers report feeling underpaid for the stress and hours required, so finding a role that matches your financial expectations requires targeting upscale venues, corporate hospitality, or larger hotel properties.
  4. Visa and Work Rights (If Applicable):
    If you require an employer-supported visa (such as the Accredited Employer Work Visa - AEWV), you will need to find an accredited employer willing to go through the Job Check process. While management roles typically clear skill-level thresholds more easily than entry-level jobs, navigating immigration requirements can still add friction to your job hunt.

Summary Strategy

If you target established hotels, corporate venues, or high-volume urban restaurants, highlight your multi-year operational background, and secure your local licensing (like a Manager's Certificate) early, you stand a strong chance of landing a stable role. Just be prepared to vet prospective employers carefully to ensure their business model supports a healthy, sustainable, year-round career.

Ask Gemini

Gemini is AI and can make mistakes.

Captured 15–20 October 2026

Google AI Mode · New Zealand country setting

I've managed hotels and restaurants for several years and need a reliable year-round role. How realistic is it that I could find suitable work, and what could get in the way?

Finding a reliable, year-round hotel or restaurant management role in New Zealand is moderately to highly realistic given your multi-year background, but it comes with distinct structural quirks. New Zealand's hospitality sector frequently searches for experienced operational leaders, particularly as major tourism hubs and urban centres bounce between peak seasons and shoulder periods.

How Realistic Is It?

  • High Demand in Tourism Hotspots: Major destinations like Queenstown , Auckland , Christchurch , and Rotorua consistently list vacancies for experienced lodging and food-and-beverage supervisors and managers on platforms like SEEK New Zealand and Indeed.

  • Value on Experience: Operators value candidates who can stabilise operations, manage food waste, drive profitability, and retain front-of-house teams.


What Could Get in the Way?

  • Seasonality and Year-Round Stability: While major hotels and city-centre restaurants offer true year-round stability, regional and destination-dining spots (especially in smaller tourist towns) experience dramatic off-season slumps. Securing a genuinely "year-round" role requires targeting established corporate hotels, multi-venue hospitality groups, or high-volume urban establishments rather than seasonal destination cafes or lodges.

  • The Cost of Living vs. Regional Pay Scales: Hospitality salary packages across New Zealand often lag behind general corporate management roles. Pay rates must be weighed carefully against local living costs, housing availability, and inflation, particularly in high-cost regions like Queenstown or Auckland.

  • Visa and Immigration Requirements: If you require an employment visa, New Zealand immigration settings (including rules under the Skilled Migrant Category and sector-specific guidelines for hotel or restaurant managers) place strict evidentiary burdens on matching job descriptions to official skill frameworks.

  • Industry Burnout and Retention Pressures: The local sector deals with high turnover and widespread worker fatigue or neutral sentiment regarding pay and conditions. Stepping into a management role often means inheriting staffing shortages or cultural turnarounds rather than walking into a turnkey operation.

If you'd like to narrow this down, let me know:

  • Are you looking primarily at hotels or restaurants?
  • Do you already have the right to work in New Zealand , or will you need visa sponsorship?
  • Are you targeting major cities or regional tourism hubs?
Ask anything

Captured 15–20 October 2026

AI Overviews · New Zealand country setting

I've managed hotels and restaurants for several years and need a reliable year-round role. How realistic is it that I could find suitable work, and what could get in the way?

AI Overview

Finding a year-round hotel or restaurant management role in New Zealand is realistic , particularly in major urban and tourist centers, though regional areas face seasonal fluctuations.

How Realistic Is the Work?

  • Active Vacancies: Hundreds of listings for restaurant managers, duty managers, and food and beverage (F&B) supervisors are actively posted on local job platforms like SEEK New Zealand and Trade Me Jobs.
  • Year-Round Demand: Major hotel groups (such as Accor and Minor Hotels) and metropolitan restaurants in cities like Auckland, Wellington, and Christchurch operate year-round and constantly recruit experienced management talent.
  • Regional Hotspots: Tourism hubs like Queenstown experience intense demand across all seasons, though some smaller satellite or seasonal towns slow down outside peak visitor periods.

What Could Get in the Way?

  • Visa and Work Rights: If you require a work visa or employer sponsorship, Immigration New Zealand classifies general hospitality and retail management under restricted or non-Green-List categories (such as ANZSCO 149999 or 142111), meaning employers must pass labor market tests or hire through accredited employer channels.
  • Licensing Requirements: Many New Zealand venues require a Licence Controller Qualification (LCQ) under the Sale and Supply of Alcohol Act 2012, or a General Manager's Certificate, which takes time and local compliance knowledge to acquire.
  • Cost of Living vs. Wages: Hospitality wages generally range from NZ$27 to $35+ per hour for operational managers, or roughly NZ$47,000 to over NZ$100,000 for salaried general managers, which may feel tight relative to New Zealand's high urban cost of living.
  • Seasonal Shifts in Regions: If you look outside major cities or main tourism centres, smaller destination restaurants or seasonal lodges may scale back hours or close during winter months, making true year-round reliability harder to lock down.

If you'd like to narrow this down, let me know:

  • Are you looking in major cities (Auckland/Wellington/Christchurch) or destination/regional areas (Queenstown/Rotorua)?
  • Do you already hold New Zealand work rights , or will you need visa sponsorship?
Ask anything

Captured 15–20 October 2026