Evidence · Immigration

Immigration: questions, answers and evidence

Read all 797 original answers and the tables behind the findings. The 27 missing answers are from the China comparison on three platforms.

questions
143
captured answers
797
missing responses
27
answers collected
15–20 October 2026

01

Every question, with its answers

Each question was written as a voter would ask it and went to all four assistants. Some were also asked from a town. Open a question to read every answer to it in full.

Showing 20 of 143 questions

02

The tables behind the study

Every figure on the study page comes from these tables. They are CSV files, which open in any spreadsheet.

  • Complete AI answers

    answers.csv

    One complete original answer, with the question, platform, country setting and migrant profile.

    question_id, surface_code, location_ref, result_id, prompt_id, platform, scan_id, collection_panel, question_text, response_text

  • The questions we asked

    question-catalogue.csv

    One question with the migrant profile, wording and purpose.

    question_id, question_version, group_id, case_id, asked_for, output_id, module_ids, category, wording_style, prompt_set, collection_panel, comparison_id, exact_text, distinguishing_facts, stated_facts, tags, status

  • Planned questions, platforms and countries

    execution-assignments.csv

    One question, platform and country we planned to collect an answer from.

    question_id, collection_panel, location_name, location_ref, surface, surface_code

  • The 27 missing answers

    missing-cells.csv

    One expected answer that was not collected.

    question_id, collection_panel, location_name, location_ref, surface, surface_code

  • Locations named for each migrant profile

    location-by-persona.csv

    How often a place was named in the twelve New Zealand answers for each migrant profile.

    persona, place, answers, denominator, wording_styles, wording_count, surface_count

  • Locations named across question wordings

    location-by-wording.csv

    One profile, platform and place, showing which versions of the question led to an answer naming the place.

    persona, surface, place, answers, denominator, wording_styles

  • Locations named by collection country

    location-by-region.csv

    One place and country setting; the China comparison has nine answers on Google AI Mode only.

    region, place, answers, denominator, surfaces

  • Eight countries on Google AI Mode

    location-ai-mode-eight-regions.csv

    One place and country across the same nine questions on Google AI Mode.

    region, place, answers, denominator

  • Matched local and overseas answers

    matched-region-answer-pairs.csv

    A New Zealand answer alongside the same question and platform using another country setting.

    region, surface, persona, question_id, result_id, nz_result_id, same_place_set, jaccard, added_names, omitted_names

  • Topics explicitly raised in the answers

    signals-by-output-platform.csv

    How often selected words and phrases appeared, by topic and platform.

    output, surface, signal, answers, denominator

  • Topics raised for each migrant profile

    signals-by-persona-output.csv

    How often selected words and phrases appeared, by migrant profile and topic.

    output, persona, signal, answers, denominator

  • Website addresses in captured answers

    captured-answer-links.csv

    Web addresses saved in the original answers, with image and file links identified.

    question_id, result_id, prompt_id, surface, surface_code, region, output, persona, wording, panel, words, raw_page, transcript, url, domain, host_class, image_or_asset

  • Extra table: links excluding images and files

    captured-links-by-platform.csv

    One platform across the same 143 New Zealand questions. The table excludes image and file links; the main Sources section counts those links.

    surface, denominator, answers_with_links, answers_with_govt_links

  • Captured answer lengths

    platform-answer-length.csv

    One platform across the same 143 local questions.

    surface, answers, median_words, mean_words

  • Recorded websites by answer

    sources-by-answer.csv

    Each website recorded as a source for an answer, with the page addresses and number of statements linked to the website.

    question_id, result_id, prompt_id, surface, surface_code, region, output, persona, wording, panel, words, raw_page, transcript, domain, publisher, claim_count, source_urls

  • Recorded sources and their original claims

    source-claim-ledger.csv

    Sources attached to individual statements, with the original answer, quotation and source passage.

    narrative_id, claim_id, question_id, result_id, prompt_id, surface, surface_code, region, output, persona, wording, panel, words, raw_page, transcript, domain, url, source_passage, claim_quote, quote_exact

  • Answers with sources and answers with links

    source-answer-coverage.csv

    Each New Zealand answer, showing whether sources were recorded and whether the answer text contains a web link.

    question_id, result_id, prompt_id, surface, surface_code, region, output, persona, wording, panel, words, raw_page, transcript, associated_websites, had_sources, literal_url_answer

  • Website publisher classifications

    source-publisher-classification.csv

    Each website, the type of organisation behind the website and the reason for the category. Unconfirmed types remain Other.

    domain, publisher, basis, source

  • Tone toward each place

    place-sentiment-ledger.csv

    One named place in one answer, with the positive, neutral, negative or mixed label, supporting passages and reason. All 108 New Zealand answers about where to live were reviewed.

    result_id, question_id, prompt_id, persona, assistant, region, place, stance, paragraph_numbers, supporting_passages, display_passage, reason, answer_sha256, reviewed_on

  • Facts supplied in each question

    prompt-reporting-eligibility.csv

    Every question, with corrected descriptions of the facts stated and limits on interpreting its answers.

    question_id, reviewed_on, prompt_sha256, original_stated_facts, corrected_stated_facts, metadata_changed, destination_explicit, descriptive_counts_included, interpretation_rule

  • Sources across question styles

    source-wording-incidence.csv

    One website, profile, topic and platform, with answer totals, question styles and the original answer references.

    persona, output, surface, domain, answers_with_source, eligible_answers, wording_styles_with_source, eligible_wording_styles, observed_styles, eligible_styles, answer_ids, by_style

  • Questions with corrected fact descriptions

    question-catalogue-reviewed.csv

    The unchanged original question text with fact descriptions reviewed on 28 October 2026.

    question_id, question_version, group_id, case_id, asked_for, output_id, module_ids, category, wording_style, prompt_set, collection_panel, comparison_id, exact_text, distinguishing_facts, stated_facts, tags, status

  • Statements checked against official sources

    statement-checks.csv

    One checked statement, with its exact passage, verdict, official source, review date and original answer reference.

    check_id, measure_id, question_checked, result_id, prompt_id, question_id, persona, assistant, wording, exact_statement, verdict, what_the_source_says, source_name, source_url, checked_on, answer_sha256

  • Policy questions covered by the checks

    statement-measures.csv

    One policy question, showing checked statements, original answers and the question wordings represented.

    measure_id, question_checked, checked_statements, distinct_answers, wording_styles_with_checked_assertions, wording_styles, answer_ids, question_ids, scope

Use the question and answer numbers to follow the evidence between tables. Locations named in warnings and comparisons count. Sources attached to an answer and web links in the answer text are counted separately.

03

The reviewed evidence

We read all 108 New Zealand answers about where to live to assess the tone toward each named place. A separate selection of 41 answers explores practical advice and contrasts across topics. The original policy checks were made on 22 October and expanded on 28 October 2026; verdicts cover selected statements, not every answer.

ChatGPT · New Zealand country setting

I'm a nurse trained overseas, but I don't have New Zealand registration or a job offer yet. How realistic is it that I could find suitable work, and what could get in the way?

How realistic is finding nursing work in New Zealand?

It is a realistic goal, but without New Zealand registration or a job offer, you are still at an early stage of the process. Your chances will depend heavily on where you trained, your nursing qualification, how much recent clinical experience you have, your English-language evidence, and your right to work in New Zealand.

The key distinction is that being qualified as a nurse overseas is not the same as being eligible to practise as a registered nurse in New Zealand. You will generally need to work through the registration process before you can take a job that requires New Zealand nursing registration.

You do not necessarily need a job offer to begin this process. In many cases, the best approach is to establish your registration eligibility first, while investigating employers and immigration requirements in parallel.

The biggest factors that could help or hinder you

The Nursing Council of New Zealand's current guidance is particularly important here: it says New Zealand has recently employed many internationally qualified nurses, so demand is lower than previously, except in some specialties and experience areas, including mental health and addiction. It recommends exploring vacancies before applying for registration or moving to New Zealand. Internationally Qualified Nurses

1. Registration eligibility

This is the first major hurdle.

For most internationally qualified nurses, the Nursing Council requires:

  • Current registration with an overseas nursing regulator.
  • A qualification comparable to the relevant New Zealand nursing qualification.
  • At least 1,800 hours of post-registration nursing experience.
  • Evidence of English-language competence.
  • Identity verification, fitness-to-practise checks and other required documentation. Nursing Council Requirements

If you have a nursing degree but have never been registered as a nurse in your home country, that could be a major obstacle. Similarly, if you have not accumulated the required clinical hours, you may need to gain more experience before applying.

2. Your country of training and nursing experience

Your training pathway can affect whether you need additional examinations.

  • Potentially more straightforward: Nurses educated in the UK, Ireland, Singapore, the US, or the Canadian provinces of Ontario or British Columbia may be eligible for a pathway that does not require the usual competence examinations, depending on their individual circumstances.
  • More steps may be required: Other internationally qualified nurses may be asked to complete a theoretical examination and a clinical assessment (OSCE) in Christchurch.
  • Specialist experience: Relevant experience in areas such as mental health and addiction may help you find opportunities, although it does not guarantee a vacancy. Internationally Qualified NursesOverseas Registrations FAQs

3. English-language requirements

Unless you qualify for an accepted alternative evidence pathway, the Nursing Council currently accepts these test scores:

Test Required scores
IELTS Academic 7 in reading, listening and speaking; 6.5 in writing
OET 350 in reading, listening and speaking; 300 in writing

The Council does not currently accept PTE for this registration requirement, and online computer-based tests are not accepted. Approved test-centre computer tests are accepted. Nursing Council Requirements

If you already speak English well, that is an advantage, but you still need to meet the Council's evidence requirements.

4. Finding an employer willing to hire you

Even if you meet the registration requirements, getting hired is a separate challenge.

  • Employers may prefer candidates who are already registered and ready to start.
  • Some vacancies require recent experience in a particular clinical area.
  • Your overseas experience may be relevant, but employers will still assess your clinical skills, references and suitability for the role.
  • Applying from overseas can make interviews, start dates and relocation more complicated.

I would not assume that New Zealand has a nursing shortage that guarantees a job for every overseas applicant. The Nursing Council's own current employment guidance specifically cautions against that assumption. Internationally Qualified Nurses

5. Visa and relocation requirements

If you need a work visa, you must satisfy the relevant immigration rules as well as the professional registration requirements. Immigration New Zealand says registration is required before applying for a work visa for occupations that require occupational registration, including nursing. Check if you need occupational registration for your job :: Immigration New Zealand

Some nursing roles may provide a pathway to residence under the Green List, subject to the exact occupation and eligibility criteria. However, a possible residence pathway is not the same as having a job offer or permission to work. Green List roles — jobs we need people for in New Zealand :: Immigration New Zealand

You should also budget for document verification, English testing if required, registration fees, possible competence examinations, police checks, travel and living costs while looking for work.

What I would do first

I would avoid spending heavily on relocation or recruitment services until you have a clearer picture of your registration eligibility and the types of vacancies available.

  1. Check your registration eligibility. Start with the Nursing Council's internationally qualified nurses self-assessment.
  2. Check real vacancies. Search Kiwi Health Jobs for roles matching your nursing specialty and experience. Note whether registration is required at application or commencement.
  3. Prepare your evidence. Gather your nursing qualification, current overseas registration details, employment references and records of your clinical hours.
  4. Investigate costs and timing. Check the Nursing Council's registration requirements, including verification, English testing and any required competence assessment.
  5. Check your immigration route. Use Immigration New Zealand to assess the work visa options that apply to your circumstances.

Let me assess your situation more specifically

Your answers to a few questions would make a substantial difference to the advice I can give you.

With those details, I can give you a more grounded assessment of whether your main challenge is likely to be registration, finding an employer, or obtaining work rights—and what I would prioritise first.

Ask anything

ChatGPT can make mistakes. Check important info.

Captured 15–20 October 2026

Gemini · New Zealand country setting

I'm a nurse trained overseas, but I don't have New Zealand registration or a job offer yet. How realistic is it that I could find suitable work, and what could get in the way?

Finding suitable nursing work in New Zealand as an overseas-trained nurse without prior registration or a job offer is entirely realistic, but it requires navigating a structured, multi-step process.

New Zealand faces an ongoing, structural shortage of healthcare professionals, and Registered Nurses (RNs) are classified on New Zealand’s Green List (Tier 1 - Straight to Residence), indicating very high national demand. Because of this, public and private healthcare employers are deeply accustomed to recruiting internationally.

However, you cannot legally practice or accept a nursing position as an RN until you are registered with the Nursing Council of New Zealand (NCNZ). Landing a job before completing registration is uncommon unless an organization is willing to sponsor you through a conditional pipeline.


What Could Get in the Way? (Key Hurdles)

While the demand is high, several regulatory, logistical, and financial barriers frequently slow down or derail the process for internationally qualified nurses (IQNs):

  1. The Strict Registration Pipeline (NCNZ Requirements)

    • Credential Verification: You must first verify your identity, education, and past 10-year registration history through TruMerit (CGFNS) before the NCNZ will even review your application. Discrepancies in names or delayed paperwork from overseas institutions frequently cause bottlenecks.
    • The Competence Assessment: Unless you trained in a directly comparable jurisdiction (such as Australia), you will likely be required to pass an online theoretical exam and an Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE). The OSCE requires traveling in person to an accredited center in Christchurch, New Zealand, which involves substantial travel and examination costs.
    • English Language Standards: NCNZ has strict benchmarks (e.g., Academic IELTS overall band requirements or OET equivalents), and failing to hit these scores on the first attempt can halt your timeline.
  2. The 1,800-Hour Rule

    • The NCNZ requires proof of at least 1,800 hours of post-registration practice within recent years. If you are a very recent graduate or have gaps in your active clinical history, you may not immediately meet eligibility criteria.
  3. Financial Runway

    • Relocating without a job offer means you will need to self-fund your credential verification, NCNZ application fees, English testing, international police clearances, travel to New Zealand for assessments, and several months of living expenses.
  4. Employer Hesitation with Unregistered Candidates

    • While Health New Zealand (Te Whatu Ora) and major aged-care providers hire international nurses at scale, they generally prefer or require candidates who already hold an active New Zealand Practising Certificate, or are sitting at the final stages of the OSCE, to minimize onboarding delays.

Recommended Strategy

Instead of trying to secure a job offer blindly from overseas right now, most successful international nurses follow a sequence:

  • Phase 1 (From Home): Complete your English tests (if required) and submit your credentials through TruMerit/MyIQN to get clarity on your exact NCNZ competence requirements.
  • Phase 2: Clear your online theoretical exam and book your travel for the OSCE.
  • Phase 3: Once your registration is pending or finalized, your employability spikes dramatically, unlocking Green List residency pathways and direct recruitment drives from New Zealand health employers.
Ask Gemini

Gemini is AI and can make mistakes.

Captured 15–20 October 2026

Google AI Mode · New Zealand country setting

I'm a nurse trained overseas, but I don't have New Zealand registration or a job offer yet. How realistic is it that I could find suitable work, and what could get in the way?

Finding suitable nursing work in New Zealand without local registration or a job offer is moderately realistic in terms of overall demand, but practically challenging and slow to execute because New Zealand registration must generally be secured before an employer can legally hire you or support a work visa.

The public health agency Te Whatu Ora (Health New Zealand) and aged-care sectors experience ongoing shortages, meaning your skills will ultimately be in high demand once you are eligible to practice. However, jumping straight into employment without pre-arranged credentials creates substantial procedural hurdles. [Nursing Council]

What Could Get in the Way

  • Mandatory Registration Prerequisites: You cannot legally practice or accept a formal nursing position without going through the Nursing Council of New Zealand (NCNZ) process. This involves credential verification via platforms like TruMerit, proof of English language proficiency, verification of post-registration practice hours, and passing an Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) or theoretical exam.

  • Financial and Time Costs: The multi-stage international qualification process involves application fees, third-party verification costs, and potentially traveling to Christchurch for clinical competency assessments (OSCE). This process can take several months, during which you cannot earn local nursing income. [Nursing Council]

  • Visa and Work Rights: Immigration New Zealand generally requires a valid job offer from an accredited employer and active New Zealand nursing registration to grant a work visa (such as the Accredited Employer Work Visa). Trying to secure a job offer entirely offshore before starting the NCNZ registration process is difficult because most hiring managers require candidates to hold or be very close to receiving an active practicing certificate.

  • Shifting Job Market Dynamics: While overall nursing shortages exist, localized hiring constraints, budget adjustments, or recruitment freezes within specific districts or specialties can fluctuate, making competition higher in desirable urban centers.

If you'd like to narrow this down, please share:

  • Where you completed your training and your current registration country
  • How many years of post-registration experience you have
  • Whether you have taken an English proficiency test like IELTS or OET yet

I can help outline the exact registration pathway and timeline for your specific background.

Ask anything

Captured 15–20 October 2026

AI Overviews · New Zealand country setting

I'm a nurse trained overseas, but I don't have New Zealand registration or a job offer yet. How realistic is it that I could find suitable work, and what could get in the way?

AI Overview

Finding suitable work as an internationally trained nurse without current New Zealand registration or a job offer is unlikely to be successful in the short term , but it is highly achievable if you follow the mandated sequence.

The Nursing Council of New Zealand (NCNZ) states explicitly that they hold no recruitment role and that overall nursing demand has lowered across general sectors, except for specific areas like mental health and addiction. More importantly, New Zealand law prohibits you from working—or even being seriously considered for most nursing roles—until your professional qualifications are legally recognized.


What Will Get in the Way? (Key Hurdles)

1. The Strict "No Shortcut" Registration Process

You cannot skip the credentialing process. The registration pathway is structured into two non-negotiable steps:

  • Step 1: Document Verification via TruMerit: You must first submit your identity, 10-year registration history, nursing qualifications (which must be equivalent to a New Zealand Bachelor's or Master's degree), and proof of at least 1,800 post-registration practice hours.
  • Step 2: NCNZ Application: Once TruMerit verifies your details, you apply directly to the Nursing Council (paying a NZ$485 non-refundable fee).

2. Strict Competence Assessments & Travel Costs

Unless you are registered in Australia or come from a specific exempt jurisdiction (like the UK or Ireland), you will most likely be directed to take the IQN Competence Assessment. This involves:

  • An online theoretical exam via Pearson VUE (can be taken overseas or in NZ).
  • A 3-hour in-person OSCE (clinical skills exam).
  • The Catch: The clinical OSCE can only be taken at the Nurse Maude Simulation and Assessment Centre in Christchurch. You will have to self-fund the exam fee (NZ$3,000) plus travel and accommodation to Christchurch.

3. High English Proficiency Benchmarks

Even if you speak English fluently, you must meet the NCNZ's specific testing criteria:

  • OET: Minimum of 350 in reading, listening, and speaking, and 300 in writing.
  • IELTS Academic: Minimum of 7.0 in reading, listening, and speaking, and 6.5 in writing.
  • Note: Alternative tests like PTE Academic or TOEFL are not accepted.

4. The Visa "Catch-22"

While nurses are frequently prioritized on New Zealand’s immigration green lists, securing an accredited work visa usually requires an official job offer. Employers are hesitant to offer jobs to overseas applicants who have not yet secured their Annual Practising Certificate (APC) , as they cannot legally drop you into a roster.


How to Make it Realistic: The Recommended Strategy

To successfully find suitable work, you must change your sequence of actions. Do not look for a job yet; focus entirely on your paperwork.

  1. Initiate Credentialing Immediately: Begin your TruMerit portal registration to get your paperwork verified. ncnz.trumerit.org

  2. Take Your Exams: Study for and pass the theoretical exam and book your OSCE slot in Christchurch.

  3. Complete the Cultural Modules: Complete the two mandatory, free online courses on Ko Awatea LEARN regarding culturally safe practice and Te Tiriti o Waitangi (the Treaty of Waitangi).

  4. Leverage Your Status Once Registered: Once the NCNZ approves your registration and issues your APC, you become an incredibly competitive applicant. At that stage, you can apply for jobs dynamically across New Zealand's health regions. If you happen to secure a written job offer at any point during your registration process, you can email it to the NCNZ to potentially expedite your paperwork processing.

To help map out your next steps, what country did you train in, and do you currently hold a valid visa to be in New Zealand?

Ask anything

Captured 15–20 October 2026