Evidence · Immigration

Immigration: questions, answers and evidence

Read all 797 original answers and the tables behind the findings. The 27 missing answers are from the China comparison on three platforms.

questions
143
captured answers
797
missing responses
27
answers collected
15–20 October 2026

01

Every question, with its answers

Each question was written as a voter would ask it and went to all four assistants. Some were also asked from a town. Open a question to read every answer to it in full.

Showing 20 of 143 questions

02

The tables behind the study

Every figure on the study page comes from these tables. They are CSV files, which open in any spreadsheet.

  • Complete AI answers

    answers.csv

    One complete original answer, with the question, platform, country setting and migrant profile.

    question_id, surface_code, location_ref, result_id, prompt_id, platform, scan_id, collection_panel, question_text, response_text

  • The questions we asked

    question-catalogue.csv

    One question with the migrant profile, wording and purpose.

    question_id, question_version, group_id, case_id, asked_for, output_id, module_ids, category, wording_style, prompt_set, collection_panel, comparison_id, exact_text, distinguishing_facts, stated_facts, tags, status

  • Planned questions, platforms and countries

    execution-assignments.csv

    One question, platform and country we planned to collect an answer from.

    question_id, collection_panel, location_name, location_ref, surface, surface_code

  • The 27 missing answers

    missing-cells.csv

    One expected answer that was not collected.

    question_id, collection_panel, location_name, location_ref, surface, surface_code

  • Locations named for each migrant profile

    location-by-persona.csv

    How often a place was named in the twelve New Zealand answers for each migrant profile.

    persona, place, answers, denominator, wording_styles, wording_count, surface_count

  • Locations named across question wordings

    location-by-wording.csv

    One profile, platform and place, showing which versions of the question led to an answer naming the place.

    persona, surface, place, answers, denominator, wording_styles

  • Locations named by collection country

    location-by-region.csv

    One place and country setting; the China comparison has nine answers on Google AI Mode only.

    region, place, answers, denominator, surfaces

  • Eight countries on Google AI Mode

    location-ai-mode-eight-regions.csv

    One place and country across the same nine questions on Google AI Mode.

    region, place, answers, denominator

  • Matched local and overseas answers

    matched-region-answer-pairs.csv

    A New Zealand answer alongside the same question and platform using another country setting.

    region, surface, persona, question_id, result_id, nz_result_id, same_place_set, jaccard, added_names, omitted_names

  • Topics explicitly raised in the answers

    signals-by-output-platform.csv

    How often selected words and phrases appeared, by topic and platform.

    output, surface, signal, answers, denominator

  • Topics raised for each migrant profile

    signals-by-persona-output.csv

    How often selected words and phrases appeared, by migrant profile and topic.

    output, persona, signal, answers, denominator

  • Website addresses in captured answers

    captured-answer-links.csv

    Web addresses saved in the original answers, with image and file links identified.

    question_id, result_id, prompt_id, surface, surface_code, region, output, persona, wording, panel, words, raw_page, transcript, url, domain, host_class, image_or_asset

  • Extra table: links excluding images and files

    captured-links-by-platform.csv

    One platform across the same 143 New Zealand questions. The table excludes image and file links; the main Sources section counts those links.

    surface, denominator, answers_with_links, answers_with_govt_links

  • Captured answer lengths

    platform-answer-length.csv

    One platform across the same 143 local questions.

    surface, answers, median_words, mean_words

  • Recorded websites by answer

    sources-by-answer.csv

    Each website recorded as a source for an answer, with the page addresses and number of statements linked to the website.

    question_id, result_id, prompt_id, surface, surface_code, region, output, persona, wording, panel, words, raw_page, transcript, domain, publisher, claim_count, source_urls

  • Recorded sources and their original claims

    source-claim-ledger.csv

    Sources attached to individual statements, with the original answer, quotation and source passage.

    narrative_id, claim_id, question_id, result_id, prompt_id, surface, surface_code, region, output, persona, wording, panel, words, raw_page, transcript, domain, url, source_passage, claim_quote, quote_exact

  • Answers with sources and answers with links

    source-answer-coverage.csv

    Each New Zealand answer, showing whether sources were recorded and whether the answer text contains a web link.

    question_id, result_id, prompt_id, surface, surface_code, region, output, persona, wording, panel, words, raw_page, transcript, associated_websites, had_sources, literal_url_answer

  • Website publisher classifications

    source-publisher-classification.csv

    Each website, the type of organisation behind the website and the reason for the category. Unconfirmed types remain Other.

    domain, publisher, basis, source

  • Tone toward each place

    place-sentiment-ledger.csv

    One named place in one answer, with the positive, neutral, negative or mixed label, supporting passages and reason. All 108 New Zealand answers about where to live were reviewed.

    result_id, question_id, prompt_id, persona, assistant, region, place, stance, paragraph_numbers, supporting_passages, display_passage, reason, answer_sha256, reviewed_on

  • Facts supplied in each question

    prompt-reporting-eligibility.csv

    Every question, with corrected descriptions of the facts stated and limits on interpreting its answers.

    question_id, reviewed_on, prompt_sha256, original_stated_facts, corrected_stated_facts, metadata_changed, destination_explicit, descriptive_counts_included, interpretation_rule

  • Sources across question styles

    source-wording-incidence.csv

    One website, profile, topic and platform, with answer totals, question styles and the original answer references.

    persona, output, surface, domain, answers_with_source, eligible_answers, wording_styles_with_source, eligible_wording_styles, observed_styles, eligible_styles, answer_ids, by_style

  • Questions with corrected fact descriptions

    question-catalogue-reviewed.csv

    The unchanged original question text with fact descriptions reviewed on 28 October 2026.

    question_id, question_version, group_id, case_id, asked_for, output_id, module_ids, category, wording_style, prompt_set, collection_panel, comparison_id, exact_text, distinguishing_facts, stated_facts, tags, status

  • Statements checked against official sources

    statement-checks.csv

    One checked statement, with its exact passage, verdict, official source, review date and original answer reference.

    check_id, measure_id, question_checked, result_id, prompt_id, question_id, persona, assistant, wording, exact_statement, verdict, what_the_source_says, source_name, source_url, checked_on, answer_sha256

  • Policy questions covered by the checks

    statement-measures.csv

    One policy question, showing checked statements, original answers and the question wordings represented.

    measure_id, question_checked, checked_statements, distinct_answers, wording_styles_with_checked_assertions, wording_styles, answer_ids, question_ids, scope

Use the question and answer numbers to follow the evidence between tables. Locations named in warnings and comparisons count. Sources attached to an answer and web links in the answer text are counted separately.

03

The reviewed evidence

We read all 108 New Zealand answers about where to live to assess the tone toward each named place. A separate selection of 41 answers explores practical advice and contrasts across topics. The original policy checks were made on 22 October and expanded on 28 October 2026; verdicts cover selected statements, not every answer.

ChatGPT · New Zealand country setting

how hard is it to find year-round hotel or restaurant management work in New Zealand?

Finding year-round hotel or restaurant management work in New Zealand is quite achievable if you have relevant hospitality experience, but securing a stable, permanent management role can take time. The biggest factors are your management experience, the type of establishment you want to work in, your work rights, and whether you need a job in a particular part of the country.

The key distinction is between finding hospitality work and finding a full-time, year-round management position. Hotels, pubs, restaurants and larger hospitality groups can operate throughout the year, but demand, staffing levels and the number of management vacancies vary by location and season.

How difficult is it?

Type of work General outlook
Restaurant supervisor or duty manager A potential entry point if you have solid service experience
Restaurant manager More competitive; employers often want proven staff, cost and service management skills
Hotel duty manager or front-office manager Depends on experience with reservations, guest services, staff and hotel systems
Hotel operations or general manager More demanding to secure; employers typically expect substantial leadership and financial responsibility
Permanent, year-round employment Available, particularly with established operators, but not guaranteed by the industry

These are general assessments rather than live vacancy counts. Your experience and eligibility to work in New Zealand could change the picture considerably.

What the latest New Zealand data tells us

The Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment (MBIE) published its 2025 hospitality and tourism workforce survey findings in February 2026. The results give a useful picture of job stability in the industry. Hospitality and tourism employment: Strengthening futures 2025New insights into hospitality and tourism workforce

59%

of surveyed hospitality and tourism workers were in permanent full-time roles.

26%

were in permanent part-time roles.

Over one-third

of respondents intended to leave their organisation within the following 12 months, highlighting retention challenges.

Source: MBIE, Hospitality and tourism employment: Strengthening futures 2025. The survey covers multiple occupations and both hospitality and tourism, not managers alone. Hospitality and tourism employment: Strengthening futures 2025

The takeaway is that permanent employment is a realistic option in this industry. However, a permanent contract does not necessarily mean predictable hours, good working conditions or a role that will suit you long term.

Where to look for year-round work

1. Established hotels

Worth prioritising

Hotels with ongoing accommodation demand are a logical starting point. Look for duty manager, front-office manager, rooms division manager and hotel operations roles. Larger properties may offer clearer management structures and progression.

2. Established restaurants and pubs

Good option for experienced managers

Restaurants serving regular local customers, and established pub or restaurant groups, can provide ongoing employment outside tourist peaks. Look for restaurant manager, venue manager and food-and-beverage manager vacancies.

3. Conference hotels and larger hospitality operators

Potential for broader responsibilities

Businesses combining accommodation, events, dining and conferences have multiple revenue streams. That can help diversify demand, although it does not guarantee year-round hours or job security.

4. Tourist resorts and seasonal destinations

Check contracts carefully

These can have excellent opportunities, but tourism demand fluctuates by season. MBIE specifically identifies seasonal demand as a challenge for stable employment. Embrace the flux, enable the flexStatement of Intent Prioritise permanent contracts over roles advertised for a season or fixed term.

What makes finding a job easier?

The strongest factors are generally:

  • Previous management experience: experience supervising staff, preparing rosters, managing budgets, controlling stock and handling customer complaints.
  • Financial and operational skills: employers value managers who can control labour costs, maintain service standards and improve profitability.
  • Flexibility: being open to different employers and types of establishments gives you more options.
  • Work eligibility: if you are not already authorised to work in New Zealand, visa requirements may narrow your options. Check the relevant rules through Immigration New Zealand.
  • A clear preference for permanent work: ask whether the role is permanent, whether hours are guaranteed, and whether the business reduces staffing during quieter periods.

You can start by searching SEEK New Zealand, Trade Me Jobs and hotel-group career pages. Search for permanent full-time restaurant manager, hotel duty manager, food and beverage manager and hotel operations manager.

My assessment

If you already have several years of hotel or restaurant management experience and unrestricted work rights, I would consider finding year-round work a realistic goal, though the time it takes will depend on the vacancies available and your expectations around pay and seniority.

If you have hospitality experience but have not yet managed a venue, a supervisor or duty manager role may be a more accessible starting point. If you are looking for a senior hotel or general manager position, expect employers to scrutinise your operational and financial track record more closely.

One important distinction: finding a permanent job is not the same as finding a good-quality job. The latest workforce survey raises concerns about fair pay, bullying and retention, so check the employer's working conditions as carefully as the salary. Hospitality and tourism employment: Strengthening futures 2025

A question that would help me give you a more accurate answer

Are you currently working in hospitality management, or would you be moving to New Zealand from overseas? And roughly how many years of management experience do you have?

That would help me judge how competitive you would be for year-round management jobs, rather than hospitality work in general.

Ask anything

ChatGPT can make mistakes. Check important info.

Captured 15–20 October 2026

Gemini · New Zealand country setting

how hard is it to find year-round hotel or restaurant management work in New Zealand?

Finding year-round hotel or restaurant management work in New Zealand is moderately achievable, but success depends heavily on your location, target venue type, and visa status.

The New Zealand hospitality and tourism sectors experience distinct seasonal fluctuations, which directly impact management hiring patterns.


1. Market Overview & Demand

  • Metro vs. Regional Reality: Major metropolitan centers (like Auckland, Wellington, and Christchurch) maintain strong, consistent demand for year-round management talent in hotels, bars, and urban restaurants. Conversely, high-end tourist hotspots (such as Queenstown, Wanaka, or parts of the Bay of Islands) see severe seasonal spikes. While many businesses in these regions scale down or operate on reduced hours during the off-season, established luxury lodges and major hotels often retain core management teams year-round.
  • The "Brain Drain" and Turnover: New Zealand’s hospitality sector frequently deals with high turnover and a steady flow of local talent heading overseas for experience. Consequently, experienced Duty Managers, Restaurant Managers, and Front Office/Hotel Managers are consistently in demand.

2. Key Factors Affecting Your Job Search

Factor What to Expect
Visa & Work Rights If you are an international applicant, you will need a valid work visa with open or employer-specific sponsorship rights. Management-level roles occasionally meet skill-shortage thresholds or median wage requirements for visas, but local experience is heavily favored.
The "General Manager" & "Duty Manager" System New Zealand has strict liquor licensing laws. To work in restaurant or bar management, you are legally required to hold (or quickly obtain) a Manager’s Certificate (specifically a Sale and Supply of Alcohol Act 2012 requirement). Having this or local compliance knowledge makes you instantly more employable.
Compensation & Conditions Management salaries vary, but standard full-time hospitality management roles generally range from mid-tier hourly supervisor rates up to professional salaries. Many workers note that pressure and hours can be high relative to pay, making retention a continuous challenge for venues.

3. Best Strategies to Secure Year-Round Roles

  • Target National & International Hotel Chains: Major brands (such as Accor, IHG, Marriott, and Hilton) operate properties across multiple major cities and offer stable, year-round corporate structures, internal transfers, and career progression.
  • Utilize Local Job Platforms: The primary engines for professional recruitment in New Zealand are SEEK NZ and Trade Me Jobs, alongside specialized hospitality recruitment networks. Networking via LinkedIn directly with regional operations managers can also yield unadvertised permanent roles.
  • Target Stabilized Urban Groups: Large hospitality groups and venue collections in the main centers tend to run multiple diverse concepts, allowing them to shift management resources around and guarantee permanent, year-round hours.

Are you currently based in New Zealand, or are you looking to relocate from overseas?

Ask Gemini

Gemini is AI and can make mistakes.

Captured 15–20 October 2026

Google AI Mode · New Zealand country setting

how hard is it to find year-round hotel or restaurant management work in New Zealand?

Finding year-round hotel or restaurant management work in New Zealand is moderately achievable , but success depends heavily on your experience, location, and the specific sector (accommodation vs. dining).

The New Zealand hospitality and tourism sectors experience distinct dynamics that influence full-time, permanent employment:

  • High Demand in Major Centres and Tourism Hubs: Year-round management opportunities are consistently available in major metropolitan areas (Auckland , Wellington , Christchurch) and major tourism destinations (like Queenstown , Rotorua , or Taupo) where hotels, corporate dining, and high-end restaurants operate continuously rather than just seasonally.

  • Seasonal Shifts vs. Year-Round Stability: While seasonal tourist towns experience massive surges during peak summer and winter ski seasons, established hotels and larger restaurant groups look for permanent, year-round operational, venue, or general managers to maintain standards and profitability during shoulder/off-peak months.

  • Skills Shortages and Visas: Roles like hotel/motel managers and restaurant/café managers frequently feature on New Zealand’s skill shortage or immigration pathway lists, meaning employers often look to fill permanent, full-time positions when local candidates are scarce. Check current listings and criteria via SEEK New Zealand Hospitality Jobs or LinkedIn Hospitality Management Jobs. New skilled migrant rules are here. For red and amber listHospitality Manager Jobs in New Zealand, Job Vacancies

  • Salary and Conditions: Full-time permanent management roles in established venues typically offer stable salaried or hourly packages (frequently ranging upwards from $35–$45+ per hour or equivalent annual salaries depending on the scale of the operation), though expectations around long/flexible hours in hospitality still apply. [SEEK New Zealand]

If you'd like to narrow this down, tell me:

  • Are you looking at hotels/accommodation or restaurants/bars?
  • Do you already have New Zealand work rights , or would you need visa sponsorship?
  • Are you targeting major cities or regional tourism hubs?

I can provide a more tailored outlook on the current hiring climate.

Ask anything

Captured 15–20 October 2026

AI Overviews · New Zealand country setting

how hard is it to find year-round hotel or restaurant management work in New Zealand?

AI Overview

Finding year-round hotel or restaurant management work in New Zealand presents a moderate challenge, but it is highly achievable if you possess the right qualifications, experience, and visa status. Because New Zealand's tourism industry is deeply cyclical, many baseline jobs disappear after the summer or winter peaks. However, professional management roles—such as Café or Restaurant Managers, Hotel Managers, and Duty Managers —remain in demand year-round to maintain core operations.

Key Factors Influencing Your Job Search

🛂 Visa Pathways and the Skilled Shortage

If you are an international applicant, navigating the visa system is your biggest hurdle.

  • The Amber List Status: Under Immigration New Zealand's rules, Café or Restaurant Managers (ANZSCO 141111) are specifically designated on the Amber List. This means there is a recognized domestic shortage, providing an explicit skilled pathway to residency if you secure an eligible role with an accredited employer.
  • Wage Thresholds: To qualify for standard work or residence visas, employers must generally pay you at or above the New Zealand median wage. For management roles, salaries typically sit between $30 and $35+ per hour (or salary equivalents), making it easier to meet these legal thresholds.

🏔️ Geographic and Seasonal Variation

While baseline hospitality staff face extreme seasonal layoffs, managers face a different landscape depending on the region.

  • The "Big Three" Hubs: The vast majority of stable, year-round corporate hotel and fine-dining restaurant management positions are anchored in Auckland and Wellington.
  • The Tourist Regions: Regions like Queenstown or the Bay of Islands experience heavy seasonal swings. While hotel operations run year-round, many restaurants in these zones scale back significantly in autumn and spring. Finding year-round work here requires securing a role with a large international hotel brand (e.g., Hilton, Marriott, EVT) that guarantees fixed hours through the off-season.

📜 Qualifications and Local Compliance

To successfully secure a management position, employers will look for clear operational assets:

  • The LCQ and Duty Manager Certificate: In New Zealand, anyone managing a restaurant or hotel bar that serves alcohol must hold a Licence Controller Qualification (LCQ) and a Manager's Certificate. Having these prerequisites instantly elevates your application, as a business cannot legally operate without a certified Duty Manager on site.
  • Formal Education vs. Experience: While local tertiary qualifications (like a New Zealand Certificate in Hospitality) are highly regarded, robust international management experience often carries equal weight, provided you can secure a visa.

Pros and Cons of the NZ Hospitality Management Sector

Aspect Advantages Challenges
Job Stability High demand for experienced personnel; explicit skilled visa pathways exist. Long hours and weekend work are standard; off-season slowdowns impact revenue in tourist towns.
Compensation Competitive hourly rates for skilled managers ($30–$35+/hr). General industry statistics show a large portion of frontline staff still earn near the living wage.
Industry Environment Overall sector job satisfaction is rising, alongside a strong post-pandemic tourism rebound. Burnout and workplace pressures remain persistent concerns within smaller fast-food or independent outfits.

To kickstart your search, you can actively track job openings using official job boards like SEEK New Zealand or browse major corporate listings directly via the Glassdoor NZ Job Board.

If you would like to map out a specific path, let me know:

  • What is your current visa status (or citizenship)?
  • Do you already have a Manager's Certificate or an LCQ?
  • Are you aiming specifically for large-scale hotels or independent restaurants?

I can help tailor an approach to target the right employers.

Ask anything

Captured 15–20 October 2026