Evidence · Immigration

Immigration: questions, answers and evidence

Read all 797 original answers and the tables behind the findings. The 27 missing answers are from the China comparison on three platforms.

questions
143
captured answers
797
missing responses
27
answers collected
15–20 October 2026

01

Every question, with its answers

Each question was written as a voter would ask it and went to all four assistants. Some were also asked from a town. Open a question to read every answer to it in full.

Showing 20 of 143 questions

02

The tables behind the study

Every figure on the study page comes from these tables. They are CSV files, which open in any spreadsheet.

  • Complete AI answers

    answers.csv

    One complete original answer, with the question, platform, country setting and migrant profile.

    question_id, surface_code, location_ref, result_id, prompt_id, platform, scan_id, collection_panel, question_text, response_text

  • The questions we asked

    question-catalogue.csv

    One question with the migrant profile, wording and purpose.

    question_id, question_version, group_id, case_id, asked_for, output_id, module_ids, category, wording_style, prompt_set, collection_panel, comparison_id, exact_text, distinguishing_facts, stated_facts, tags, status

  • Planned questions, platforms and countries

    execution-assignments.csv

    One question, platform and country we planned to collect an answer from.

    question_id, collection_panel, location_name, location_ref, surface, surface_code

  • The 27 missing answers

    missing-cells.csv

    One expected answer that was not collected.

    question_id, collection_panel, location_name, location_ref, surface, surface_code

  • Locations named for each migrant profile

    location-by-persona.csv

    How often a place was named in the twelve New Zealand answers for each migrant profile.

    persona, place, answers, denominator, wording_styles, wording_count, surface_count

  • Locations named across question wordings

    location-by-wording.csv

    One profile, platform and place, showing which versions of the question led to an answer naming the place.

    persona, surface, place, answers, denominator, wording_styles

  • Locations named by collection country

    location-by-region.csv

    One place and country setting; the China comparison has nine answers on Google AI Mode only.

    region, place, answers, denominator, surfaces

  • Eight countries on Google AI Mode

    location-ai-mode-eight-regions.csv

    One place and country across the same nine questions on Google AI Mode.

    region, place, answers, denominator

  • Matched local and overseas answers

    matched-region-answer-pairs.csv

    A New Zealand answer alongside the same question and platform using another country setting.

    region, surface, persona, question_id, result_id, nz_result_id, same_place_set, jaccard, added_names, omitted_names

  • Topics explicitly raised in the answers

    signals-by-output-platform.csv

    How often selected words and phrases appeared, by topic and platform.

    output, surface, signal, answers, denominator

  • Topics raised for each migrant profile

    signals-by-persona-output.csv

    How often selected words and phrases appeared, by migrant profile and topic.

    output, persona, signal, answers, denominator

  • Website addresses in captured answers

    captured-answer-links.csv

    Web addresses saved in the original answers, with image and file links identified.

    question_id, result_id, prompt_id, surface, surface_code, region, output, persona, wording, panel, words, raw_page, transcript, url, domain, host_class, image_or_asset

  • Extra table: links excluding images and files

    captured-links-by-platform.csv

    One platform across the same 143 New Zealand questions. The table excludes image and file links; the main Sources section counts those links.

    surface, denominator, answers_with_links, answers_with_govt_links

  • Captured answer lengths

    platform-answer-length.csv

    One platform across the same 143 local questions.

    surface, answers, median_words, mean_words

  • Recorded websites by answer

    sources-by-answer.csv

    Each website recorded as a source for an answer, with the page addresses and number of statements linked to the website.

    question_id, result_id, prompt_id, surface, surface_code, region, output, persona, wording, panel, words, raw_page, transcript, domain, publisher, claim_count, source_urls

  • Recorded sources and their original claims

    source-claim-ledger.csv

    Sources attached to individual statements, with the original answer, quotation and source passage.

    narrative_id, claim_id, question_id, result_id, prompt_id, surface, surface_code, region, output, persona, wording, panel, words, raw_page, transcript, domain, url, source_passage, claim_quote, quote_exact

  • Answers with sources and answers with links

    source-answer-coverage.csv

    Each New Zealand answer, showing whether sources were recorded and whether the answer text contains a web link.

    question_id, result_id, prompt_id, surface, surface_code, region, output, persona, wording, panel, words, raw_page, transcript, associated_websites, had_sources, literal_url_answer

  • Website publisher classifications

    source-publisher-classification.csv

    Each website, the type of organisation behind the website and the reason for the category. Unconfirmed types remain Other.

    domain, publisher, basis, source

  • Tone toward each place

    place-sentiment-ledger.csv

    One named place in one answer, with the positive, neutral, negative or mixed label, supporting passages and reason. All 108 New Zealand answers about where to live were reviewed.

    result_id, question_id, prompt_id, persona, assistant, region, place, stance, paragraph_numbers, supporting_passages, display_passage, reason, answer_sha256, reviewed_on

  • Facts supplied in each question

    prompt-reporting-eligibility.csv

    Every question, with corrected descriptions of the facts stated and limits on interpreting its answers.

    question_id, reviewed_on, prompt_sha256, original_stated_facts, corrected_stated_facts, metadata_changed, destination_explicit, descriptive_counts_included, interpretation_rule

  • Sources across question styles

    source-wording-incidence.csv

    One website, profile, topic and platform, with answer totals, question styles and the original answer references.

    persona, output, surface, domain, answers_with_source, eligible_answers, wording_styles_with_source, eligible_wording_styles, observed_styles, eligible_styles, answer_ids, by_style

  • Questions with corrected fact descriptions

    question-catalogue-reviewed.csv

    The unchanged original question text with fact descriptions reviewed on 28 October 2026.

    question_id, question_version, group_id, case_id, asked_for, output_id, module_ids, category, wording_style, prompt_set, collection_panel, comparison_id, exact_text, distinguishing_facts, stated_facts, tags, status

  • Statements checked against official sources

    statement-checks.csv

    One checked statement, with its exact passage, verdict, official source, review date and original answer reference.

    check_id, measure_id, question_checked, result_id, prompt_id, question_id, persona, assistant, wording, exact_statement, verdict, what_the_source_says, source_name, source_url, checked_on, answer_sha256

  • Policy questions covered by the checks

    statement-measures.csv

    One policy question, showing checked statements, original answers and the question wordings represented.

    measure_id, question_checked, checked_statements, distinct_answers, wording_styles_with_checked_assertions, wording_styles, answer_ids, question_ids, scope

Use the question and answer numbers to follow the evidence between tables. Locations named in warnings and comparisons count. Sources attached to an answer and web links in the answer text are counted separately.

03

The reviewed evidence

We read all 108 New Zealand answers about where to live to assess the tone toward each named place. A separate selection of 41 answers explores practical advice and contrasts across topics. The original policy checks were made on 22 October and expanded on 28 October 2026; verdicts cover selected statements, not every answer.

ChatGPT · New Zealand country setting

best places in New Zealand for a single hospitality manager seeking year-round work and affordable rent

For a single hospitality manager in New Zealand who wants reliable, year-round work without spending most of their income on rent, I’d prioritise regional centres with a mix of hotels, pubs, restaurants, cafés, event venues and established tourism businesses.

The best compromise usually isn't the biggest tourist hotspot or the cheapest town. It's somewhere with a broad hospitality job market, reasonable long-term rental options and enough employers that you can change jobs without relocating.

Best areas to consider

1. Canterbury — Christchurch and surrounding areas

Best overall balance

Indicative median rent: NZ$550/week in Christchurch City. NZ Rental Medians by Region - the year to August 2026

  • Work prospects: A diverse mix of hotels, restaurants, bars, event venues, cafés and visitor accommodation.
  • Rent: More manageable than Auckland, Tauranga or Queenstown.
  • Best for: Someone wanting to build a long-term management career with options across several types of hospitality businesses.
  • Watch out for: Premium central apartments and newer developments can still be expensive.

2. Manawatū–Whanganui — Palmerston North and nearby towns

Strong budget option

Indicative median rent: NZ$540/week in Palmerston North City. NZ Rental Medians by Region - the year to August 2026

  • Work prospects: A mix of everyday dining, pubs, accommodation, functions and institutional hospitality.
  • Rent: One of the more affordable options among the larger urban centres.
  • Best for: Keeping living costs down while looking for permanent employment rather than relying on tourist seasons.
  • Watch out for: The management-job market is smaller, so check vacancies before moving.

3. Waikato — Hamilton and the wider region

Indicative median rent: NZ$570/week in Hamilton City. NZ Rental Medians by Region - the year to August 2026

  • Work prospects: A varied local economy supports restaurants, pubs, hotels, functions and business-related accommodation.
  • Rent: Not the cheapest, but a useful compromise between employment options and living costs.
  • Best for: An experienced manager targeting assistant general manager, restaurant manager, hotel operations or venue manager roles.
  • Watch out for: Compare wages and commute costs, not just rent.

4. Nelson and Tasman

Indicative median rent: NZ$550/week in Nelson City. NZ Rental Medians by Region - the year to August 2026

  • Work prospects: Restaurants, cafés, boutique accommodation, wineries, visitor attractions and events.
  • Lifestyle: Attractive if you prefer a smaller coastal region.
  • Best for: Managers with experience in food and beverage, boutique hotels or multi-skilled venue operations.
  • Watch out for: Tourism creates seasonal peaks, and the pool of senior management positions is narrower than in larger centres.

5. Southland — Invercargill and surrounding areas

Indicative regional rent: Southland had a median of around NZ$490/week in June 2026, across all property types. Median weekly rent in New Zealand

  • Work prospects: Local pubs, restaurants, motels, hotels and event venues serving residents as well as visitors.
  • Rent: Particularly attractive if minimising housing costs is your main priority.
  • Best for: Someone willing to trade a smaller professional network and fewer vacancies for potentially lower living costs.
  • Watch out for: Confirm there are suitable management vacancies in your specialty before relocating.

How do the main options compare?

Area Year-round job potential Rent affordability Overall fit
Christchurch / Canterbury High Good Best all-rounder
Palmerston North / Manawatū Moderate Good Budget-conscious
Hamilton / Waikato High Moderate Career progression
Nelson / Tasman Moderate Moderate Lifestyle-focused
Invercargill / Southland Moderate to lower Very good Lowest-cost priority
Queenstown-Lakes Strong tourism focus Poor Only with a strong package

These are qualitative assessments of the local economy and housing costs, not a live count of current vacancies. Tourism demand can be seasonal; Work and Income specifically identifies resort towns such as Queenstown, Taupō, Rotorua and Paihia as seasonal tourism-work locations. Finding seasonal workThe Seasonal Work Map

What about Queenstown, Tauranga and Auckland?

Queenstown

Plenty of tourism and accommodation activity, but Queenstown-Lakes had a median weekly rent of NZ$780 in the year to August 2026. I would only prioritise it if the job offers a strong salary, staff accommodation or a housing allowance. NZ Rental Medians by Region - the year to August 2026

Tauranga and Bay of Plenty

Worth considering for hospitality management and lifestyle, but Tauranga City's median rent was NZ$700/week over the same period. It isn't an obvious affordability winner. NZ Rental Medians by Region - the year to August 2026

Auckland

The broadest range of hospitality employers and potential senior-management roles, but higher rents. It becomes more appealing if you can secure a well-paid hotel, multi-site or operations role. NZ Rental Medians by Region - the year to August 2026The Seasonal Work Map

What rent should you budget for living alone?

The regional medians above include different property types and sizes; they are not estimates for a one-bedroom flat. Check the official Tenancy Services Market Rent tool for current figures by area and property type. Market rent » Tenancy ServicesMarket rent explained » Tenancy Services

As a practical rule, I would try to keep rent to around 30–35% of your take-home pay, if possible. For example, at NZ$1,000 a week after tax, that would mean a target of NZ$300–$350 per week. Sharing a house initially could make this much easier while you establish yourself.

Where I'd start looking

My first choice would be Christchurch, followed by Palmerston North if affordability matters most, or Hamilton if you want a larger range of employers and career options. I'd investigate Invercargill if reducing living costs is the overriding priority.

Look for permanent positions with guaranteed hours, and ask about winter staffing levels, annualised hours, staff turnover and whether the role is genuinely ongoing.

For current vacancies, useful starting points include SEEK New Zealand, Trade Me Jobs and Careers NZ's hospitality and tourism guide.

One question that would help me narrow this down: What kind of hospitality management have you done most of — hotel or accommodation management, restaurant and bar management, or general venue/pub management? That makes a real difference to which part of New Zealand is likely to offer the best combination of stable work and affordable rent.

Ask anything

ChatGPT can make mistakes. Check important info.

Captured 15–20 October 2026

Gemini · New Zealand country setting

best places in New Zealand for a single hospitality manager seeking year-round work and affordable rent

For a single hospitality manager looking to balance year-round employment stability with affordable rent, finding the right spot in New Zealand requires weighing major tourist hotspots against regional centers.

High-density tourism meccas like Queenstown or Auckland offer abundant hospitality management roles, but rent can be notoriously high and competitive. Conversely, smaller regional hubs provide much cheaper housing but can face seasonal lulls.

The best environments and approaches for a single hospitality manager in New Zealand include the following options:

1. Regional Tourism Hubs with Year-Round Appeal

Instead of hyper-seasonal towns (which slow down drastically outside of winter or summer peaks), target larger regional towns and secondary cities that rely on a mix of corporate travel, domestic tourism, conference markets, and continuous international visitors.

  • The Bay of Plenty / Rotorua Region: Rotorua is a powerhouse for tourism, hospitality, and adventure all year round. It features a massive footprint of hotels, motels, and adventure tourism operations. Rental costs are significantly lower than in Auckland or Wellington, and management roles (such as duty managers, hotel service managers, and holiday park supervisors) are consistent throughout the year.
  • The Canterbury Region (Outside Christchurch Central): While Christchurch offers steady year-round corporate and hospitality work with moderate rents compared to Auckland, surrounding boutique regions (like parts of Canterbury or the broader Waimakariri/Hurunui districts) feature steady traffic and more approachable housing.
  • The Waikato Region (e.g., Hamilton / Lake Taupō outskirts): Hamilton provides a stable year-round population, robust dining and events sectors, and much cheaper rental options than the main tier-one cities. Taupō and surrounding lakeside towns maintain solid occupancy rates year-round due to events, sports tournaments, and central North Island transit traffic.

2. Major Metros with Pocket-Friendly Suburbs

  • Auckland and Wellington are New Zealand’s primary hospitality heavyweights. They offer the highest volume of management positions (hotels, high-end restaurants, corporate venues, and event spaces) that operate 365 days a year.
  • The Strategy for Rent: As a single manager, living directly in the central business districts (CBDs) will heavily strain your budget. The key to making these cities work is targeting fringe suburbs or areas with strong public transport links (such as parts of South/West Auckland or the outer Wellington/Hutt Valley suburbs) where flat-sharing or smaller rental properties are far more economical.

3. Live-In Management Roles (The Ultimate Rent Hack)

Given that you are a single manager, one of the most financially advantageous paths in New Zealand hospitality is securing live-in management or assistant management positions.

  • Where to look: Holiday parks, high-end eco-lodges, remote adventure motels, and regional destination hotels frequently offer on-site accommodation (sometimes heavily subsidized or entirely free as part of the employment package).
  • Regions: The West Coast of the South Island, Fiordland/Milford Sound, Central Otago, and the Coromandel frequently list motel and holiday park management roles that solve the rental crisis entirely by providing housing on the property.

Summary Strategy for Your Search

  • For Career Growth + Steady Work + Lower Rent: Look toward Rotorua, Hamilton, or Palmerston North/Manawatū (stable population, steady corporate/hospitality trade, highly reasonable rent).
  • For Maximum Job Options + Budget Renting: Target Auckland or Christchurch, but commit flat-sharing or living outside the immediate CBD.
  • To Eliminate Rent Costs Completely: Target Holiday Park or Motel Management positions across the South Island or regional North Island that feature live-in packages.

Keep an eye on platforms like Seek NZ (filtering for hospitality management and "accommodation provided") and Trade Me Jobs to benchmark current regional salary packages against local rental listings.

Ask Gemini

Gemini is AI and can make mistakes.

Captured 15–20 October 2026

Google AI Mode · New Zealand country setting

best places in New Zealand for a single hospitality manager seeking year-round work and affordable rent

Finding the sweet spot in New Zealand’s hospitality industry means balancing a robust, continuous flow of patrons (year-round work) against a rental market that doesn't consume your entire management salary.

At a country level, the best locations for a single hospitality manager generally fall into two categories: major diversified urban centers (where hospitality never sleeps and rental stock is varied) and resilient dual-season or regional hub towns (which avoid the extreme dead-of-winter ghost-town slumps of purely seasonal hamlets).

Here are the top-tier regional and city profiles in New Zealand that fit these criteria:


** Christchurch (Canterbury)**

  • Why it works for work: As the South Island's urban anchor, Christchurch features a thriving, decentralized hospitality and restaurant scene centered around areas like The Terrace, Riverside Market, and the inner city. Management roles are steady year-round because the city relies on a strong local corporate/student economy rather than just chasing peak tourist months.
  • Rent outlook: Significantly more affordable than Auckland or Queenstown, offering a much better ratio of salary-to-rent for single professionals.

Rotorua (Bay of Plenty)

  • Why it works for work: Rotorua is uniquely insulated because it is a true four-season tourist destination. Geothermal attractions, spa/wellness tourism, and mountain biking events keep domestic and international visitors coming through winter just as much as summer. Hotel, restaurant, and venue manager openings are consistently active here.
  • Rent outlook: Rental costs historically track well below the national major-metro averages, making budget-friendly or mid-tier housing much more attainable for a single earner.

Palmerston North (Manawatū-Whanganui)

  • Why it works for work: It’s a stable regional hub anchored by tertiary education (Massey University), major institutional employers, and a dense events/conference calendar. Hospitality here caters to a reliable, permanent local population, meaning you won’t face severe seasonal layoffs or drastic hour-cutting in the off-season.
  • Rent outlook: Routinely ranked as one of the most cost-effective and affordable urban centers for rental accommodation and overall cost of living in the country.

Hamilton & The Waikato Region

  • Why it works for work: Hamilton has a rapidly growing metro population with a bustling inner-city and suburban cafe/dining culture (like-piecing together Victoria Street and the Dinsdale/Hillcrest areas). Being close to Auckland provides massive regional supply chains and steady corporate/hospitality management movement.
  • Rent outlook: While central Hamilton has seen climbs, surrounding pockets and smaller neighboring districts in the wider Waikato offer realistic alternative rental pricing compared to its northern neighbor.

Dunedin (Otago)

  • Why it works for work: A massive student population mixed with heritage tourism ensures that bars, pubs, cafes, and restaurants have a constant pulse throughout the academic year and summer tourist periods alike. Employment stability in the region is high.
  • Rent outlook: Median rents and housing costs are notably lower here than in northern main centers or tourist hot-spots like Queenstown.

If you'd like to narrow this down, let me know:

  • Do you prefer hotels/accommodation groups or standalone bars/restaurants?
  • Are you looking for a larger city vibe or a smaller scenic hub?

I can give you more specific insights on where the best management openings align.

Ask anything

Captured 15–20 October 2026

AI Overviews · New Zealand country setting

best places in New Zealand for a single hospitality manager seeking year-round work and affordable rent

AI Overview

For a single hospitality manager seeking the ideal intersection of year-round employment stability and affordable rent , the best options in New Zealand lie within established regional centers and secondary cities.

While tourism hotspots like Queenstown offer endless hospitality management roles, their exorbitant rental markets ($760+/week) and severe housing shortages eliminate them for cost-conscious solo renters. Conversely, major metropolises like Auckland and Wellington deliver year-round work but demand steep premiums for living alone.

The top regions and cities across New Zealand that deliver a reliable corporate/domestic hospitality market alongside manageable rental prices are highlighted below.

1. Canterbury (Christchurch) – The Best All-Round Balance

Canterbury is widely recognized by industry professionals as the most practical major market for hospitality workers. Following its extensive rebuild, Christchurch has developed a thriving, resilient hospitality ecosystem powered by local corporate trade, domestic travelers, and an ever-evolving food and beverage scene. Because it is not reliant on purely seasonal vacation crowds, management roles remain secure throughout the winter.

  • Job Market Strength: The Canterbury region boasts 17% year-on-year job ad growth with relatively low local competition. The city features numerous premium hotels, large-scale entertainment venues, and dense dining precincts.
  • Rental Affordability: Christchurch remains New Zealand’s most affordable major city for renters. The median weekly rent for the region sits at a highly reasonable $558. A single bedroom or modern central unit is substantially cheaper here than its equivalents in the North Island.

2. Manawatū-Whanganui (Palmerston North) – High Affordability & Consistent Local Demand

If minimizing rent is your top priority, this region offers one of the lowest entry barriers in the country without forcing you into an isolated rural town. Anchored by a massive student population, military bases, and research hubs, the local economy keeps restaurants, bars, and conference venues busy year-round.

  • Job Market Strength: While lacking the luxury resort market, the region provides steady management opportunities in franchise restaurants, busy suburban pubs, university catering contracts, and mid-tier hotels.
  • Rental Affordability: At a regional median rent of $519 per week , this area is incredibly wallet-friendly for single professionals. Finding a comfortable, independent unit or apartment on a manager's salary leaves a healthy surplus for savings.

3. Waikato (Hamilton) – Commercial Hospitality Hub

As a major agricultural and logistics hub, the Waikato region experiences consistent economic activity that sustains its hospitality sector through all four seasons. Hamilton features a dense stretch of bars, cafes, and eateries along the Waikato River that cater extensively to corporate clients, university students, and locals.

  • Job Market Strength: The steady influx of business travelers and conference events ensures that hotels and corporate event venues hire permanent, full-time management staff rather than short-term seasonal help.
  • Rental Affordability: The regional median rent tracks at $571 per week. While higher than the South Island, it presents an excellent compromise if you prefer to stay in the upper North Island near major transit routes without paying Auckland prices ($635–$650/week).

4. Taranaki (New Plymouth) – Strong Corporate & Arts-Driven Scene

Taranaki is a hidden gem for hospitality workers. Driven by a wealthy local economy rooted in engineering, energy, and agriculture, New Plymouth features a surprisingly sophisticated hospitality, arts, and coffee culture that performs consistently throughout the year.

  • Job Market Strength: Because it relies heavily on high-spending business travelers and domestic weekend visitors rather than international backpacker crowds, hotels and upscale eateries maintain consistent, well-paying management positions.
  • Rental Affordability: The regional median rent is a steady $572 per week. The housing stock is high quality, and living alone as a manager is highly achievable compared to nearby tourist hubs like Taupō or the Bay of Plenty.

5. Otago (Dunedin) – Steady Institutional & Heritage Market

While the Central Otago district (Queenstown/Wanaka) is plagued by high rents, the coastal side of the region paints a very different picture. Dunedin is a dedicated university and heritage city with a deeply entrenched hospitality culture that caters to a massive student population and year-round corporate and graduation travel.

  • Job Market Strength: The region enjoys a strong 17% year-on-year growth in job ads. Management roles are frequently available within boutique hotels, historic pubs, and the city's vibrant café culture.
  • Rental Affordability: While the regional median is slightly skewed by Queenstown, Dunedin central itself features highly competitive pricing. A single manager can easily find central apartments or flatting arrangements far below the national average.

Summary Comparison of Target Regions

Region Median Weekly Rent (2026) Primary Hospitality Strengths Target Vibe
Canterbury $558 High job volume, corporate & domestic tourism, low candidate competition. Modern, fast-paced secondary city.
Manawatū-Whanganui $519 Institutional catering, student-driven bars, local venues. Quiet, highly affordable, community-focused.
Taranaki $572 Premium arts scene, high corporate spend, affluent local population. Coastal, artsy, strong work-life balance.
Waikato $571 High-density dining strips, business travel, central location. Urban, connected North Island hub.

To help tailor these options further, could you share if you prefer managing hotels and accommodation or restaurants and bars , and whether you plan to look for your own one-bedroom place or are open to a shared house?

Ask anything

Captured 15–20 October 2026