Evidence · Immigration

Immigration: questions, answers and evidence

Read all 797 original answers and the tables behind the findings. The 27 missing answers are from the China comparison on three platforms.

questions
143
captured answers
797
missing responses
27
answers collected
15–20 October 2026

01

Every question, with its answers

Each question was written as a voter would ask it and went to all four assistants. Some were also asked from a town. Open a question to read every answer to it in full.

Showing 20 of 143 questions

02

The tables behind the study

Every figure on the study page comes from these tables. They are CSV files, which open in any spreadsheet.

  • Complete AI answers

    answers.csv

    One complete original answer, with the question, platform, country setting and migrant profile.

    question_id, surface_code, location_ref, result_id, prompt_id, platform, scan_id, collection_panel, question_text, response_text

  • The questions we asked

    question-catalogue.csv

    One question with the migrant profile, wording and purpose.

    question_id, question_version, group_id, case_id, asked_for, output_id, module_ids, category, wording_style, prompt_set, collection_panel, comparison_id, exact_text, distinguishing_facts, stated_facts, tags, status

  • Planned questions, platforms and countries

    execution-assignments.csv

    One question, platform and country we planned to collect an answer from.

    question_id, collection_panel, location_name, location_ref, surface, surface_code

  • The 27 missing answers

    missing-cells.csv

    One expected answer that was not collected.

    question_id, collection_panel, location_name, location_ref, surface, surface_code

  • Locations named for each migrant profile

    location-by-persona.csv

    How often a place was named in the twelve New Zealand answers for each migrant profile.

    persona, place, answers, denominator, wording_styles, wording_count, surface_count

  • Locations named across question wordings

    location-by-wording.csv

    One profile, platform and place, showing which versions of the question led to an answer naming the place.

    persona, surface, place, answers, denominator, wording_styles

  • Locations named by collection country

    location-by-region.csv

    One place and country setting; the China comparison has nine answers on Google AI Mode only.

    region, place, answers, denominator, surfaces

  • Eight countries on Google AI Mode

    location-ai-mode-eight-regions.csv

    One place and country across the same nine questions on Google AI Mode.

    region, place, answers, denominator

  • Matched local and overseas answers

    matched-region-answer-pairs.csv

    A New Zealand answer alongside the same question and platform using another country setting.

    region, surface, persona, question_id, result_id, nz_result_id, same_place_set, jaccard, added_names, omitted_names

  • Topics explicitly raised in the answers

    signals-by-output-platform.csv

    How often selected words and phrases appeared, by topic and platform.

    output, surface, signal, answers, denominator

  • Topics raised for each migrant profile

    signals-by-persona-output.csv

    How often selected words and phrases appeared, by migrant profile and topic.

    output, persona, signal, answers, denominator

  • Website addresses in captured answers

    captured-answer-links.csv

    Web addresses saved in the original answers, with image and file links identified.

    question_id, result_id, prompt_id, surface, surface_code, region, output, persona, wording, panel, words, raw_page, transcript, url, domain, host_class, image_or_asset

  • Extra table: links excluding images and files

    captured-links-by-platform.csv

    One platform across the same 143 New Zealand questions. The table excludes image and file links; the main Sources section counts those links.

    surface, denominator, answers_with_links, answers_with_govt_links

  • Captured answer lengths

    platform-answer-length.csv

    One platform across the same 143 local questions.

    surface, answers, median_words, mean_words

  • Recorded websites by answer

    sources-by-answer.csv

    Each website recorded as a source for an answer, with the page addresses and number of statements linked to the website.

    question_id, result_id, prompt_id, surface, surface_code, region, output, persona, wording, panel, words, raw_page, transcript, domain, publisher, claim_count, source_urls

  • Recorded sources and their original claims

    source-claim-ledger.csv

    Sources attached to individual statements, with the original answer, quotation and source passage.

    narrative_id, claim_id, question_id, result_id, prompt_id, surface, surface_code, region, output, persona, wording, panel, words, raw_page, transcript, domain, url, source_passage, claim_quote, quote_exact

  • Answers with sources and answers with links

    source-answer-coverage.csv

    Each New Zealand answer, showing whether sources were recorded and whether the answer text contains a web link.

    question_id, result_id, prompt_id, surface, surface_code, region, output, persona, wording, panel, words, raw_page, transcript, associated_websites, had_sources, literal_url_answer

  • Website publisher classifications

    source-publisher-classification.csv

    Each website, the type of organisation behind the website and the reason for the category. Unconfirmed types remain Other.

    domain, publisher, basis, source

  • Tone toward each place

    place-sentiment-ledger.csv

    One named place in one answer, with the positive, neutral, negative or mixed label, supporting passages and reason. All 108 New Zealand answers about where to live were reviewed.

    result_id, question_id, prompt_id, persona, assistant, region, place, stance, paragraph_numbers, supporting_passages, display_passage, reason, answer_sha256, reviewed_on

  • Facts supplied in each question

    prompt-reporting-eligibility.csv

    Every question, with corrected descriptions of the facts stated and limits on interpreting its answers.

    question_id, reviewed_on, prompt_sha256, original_stated_facts, corrected_stated_facts, metadata_changed, destination_explicit, descriptive_counts_included, interpretation_rule

  • Sources across question styles

    source-wording-incidence.csv

    One website, profile, topic and platform, with answer totals, question styles and the original answer references.

    persona, output, surface, domain, answers_with_source, eligible_answers, wording_styles_with_source, eligible_wording_styles, observed_styles, eligible_styles, answer_ids, by_style

  • Questions with corrected fact descriptions

    question-catalogue-reviewed.csv

    The unchanged original question text with fact descriptions reviewed on 28 October 2026.

    question_id, question_version, group_id, case_id, asked_for, output_id, module_ids, category, wording_style, prompt_set, collection_panel, comparison_id, exact_text, distinguishing_facts, stated_facts, tags, status

  • Statements checked against official sources

    statement-checks.csv

    One checked statement, with its exact passage, verdict, official source, review date and original answer reference.

    check_id, measure_id, question_checked, result_id, prompt_id, question_id, persona, assistant, wording, exact_statement, verdict, what_the_source_says, source_name, source_url, checked_on, answer_sha256

  • Policy questions covered by the checks

    statement-measures.csv

    One policy question, showing checked statements, original answers and the question wordings represented.

    measure_id, question_checked, checked_statements, distinct_answers, wording_styles_with_checked_assertions, wording_styles, answer_ids, question_ids, scope

Use the question and answer numbers to follow the evidence between tables. Locations named in warnings and comparisons count. Sources attached to an answer and web links in the answer text are counted separately.

03

The reviewed evidence

We read all 108 New Zealand answers about where to live to assess the tone toward each named place. A separate selection of 41 answers explores practical advice and contrasts across topics. The original policy checks were made on 22 October and expanded on 28 October 2026; verdicts cover selected statements, not every answer.

ChatGPT · New Zealand country setting

cost of moving a partner and young child to New Zealand for year-round dairy farm work

Cost of moving a partner and young child to New Zealand for dairy farm work

If you're planning to move to New Zealand for a year-round dairy farm job and bring your partner and young child, I'd budget for around NZ$8,000–$15,000 to get the family moved and settled, assuming you're coming from overseas, need to pay for your own flights, and don't have major visa complications.

You could get there for less if your employer pays for flights, provides family accommodation, or helps with visa expenses. If you need to rent a house, pay for childcare and cover all the moving costs yourself, you'll need more money.

The biggest factors are:

  • Your visa and job: Not every dairy farm work visa allows you to bring your partner and child.
  • Where you're moving from: Airfares and document costs vary considerably.
  • Accommodation: Some dairy farms provide a house, while others require you to arrange your own.
  • Your partner's ability to work: A second income can make a substantial difference to your family's budget.

1. Estimated upfront moving costs

Here is a starting budget for two adults and one young child, in New Zealand dollars (NZD).

Expense Estimated cost
Your work visa NZ$750–$1,800
Partner's visa NZ$350–$1,650
Child's visa NZ$100–$1,000
Flights for three people NZ$2,000–$4,500
Passports, police checks and medical examinations, if required NZ$300–$1,000
Initial food, transport and household essentials NZ$500–$1,000
Rental bond and initial accommodation costs NZ$1,500–$3,000
Emergency savings for the first few weeks NZ$2,000–$3,000
Indicative total NZ$7,500–$13,950

These are planning estimates, not guaranteed prices or visa quotes. Flights depend on your departure country, and accommodation costs depend on where you settle. Some expenses, such as rental bond, are deposits rather than permanent costs.

If your employer provides a furnished house and pays your flights, you could reduce the amount you need to bring considerably.

2. The most important cost: getting the right visas

Before spending money on flights, check that your work visa will allow your partner and child to join you.

For many overseas dairy farm workers, the relevant visa is the Accredited Employer Work Visa (AEWV). Immigration New Zealand lists its application cost from NZ$1,540. Your employer must meet the accreditation requirements and offer you eligible employment. immigration.govt.nz

Here are the published starting fees for some relevant visas:

Visa Published cost from
Your Accredited Employer Work Visa NZ$1,540
Partner of a Worker Work Visa NZ$1,630
Partner of a Worker Visitor Visa NZ$341
Dependent Child Student Visa NZ$750

Sources: Immigration New Zealand — AEWV, partner work visa, partner visitor visa and dependent child student visa. immigration.govt.nz, immigration.govt.nz, immigration.govt.nz, immigration.govt.nz

These are alternative visa pathways, not fees that every family must pay together. Your child's visa will depend on their age, circumstances and your eligibility to support their application.

Can you bring your family on a dairy farm work visa?

Possibly, but don't assume it's automatic.

Immigration New Zealand assesses whether AEWV holders can support visas for their partners and dependent children according to factors including occupation skill level and income. Some lower-skilled roles have restrictions. immigration.govt.nz

This matters because dairy farm jobs vary. A farm assistant, herd manager and farm manager may have different occupational classifications and eligibility.

Before accepting a job, ask the employer:

  • Will this specific job and visa allow me to bring my partner and child?
  • Can my partner apply for a visa that allows them to work?
  • Can our child attend school in New Zealand under the visa arrangements?
  • Is family accommodation available, and is it included in the employment package?

You can check the rules on the official Immigration New Zealand family visa guidance page.

3. How much will it cost to live in New Zealand?

Moving costs are only the beginning. You'll also need enough income to support three people throughout the year.

For a family of two adults and one young child, the following is a rough monthly planning budget if you rent a home in a rural area and pay your own living expenses.

Monthly expense Estimated NZD
Rent for a family home $1,700–$2,600
Groceries and household supplies $800–$1,100
Electricity, heating, internet and phones $250–$450
Transport and vehicle costs $300–$700
Clothing, personal expenses and miscellaneous costs $200–$400
Estimated monthly total $3,250–$5,250

These are illustrative budgeting estimates, not official averages or quotes. Your actual costs will depend on the location, property, vehicle needs and your family's circumstances.

What if the farm provides accommodation?

This could make a substantial difference.

If the employer supplies a suitable family house, your rent may be much lower or eliminated, although you should check whether accommodation is deducted from your wages.

For example, if your housing costs fall by NZ$2,000 per month, that's a potential saving of NZ$24,000 over a full year.

Before agreeing to a job, get the accommodation arrangements in writing. Confirm:

  • Whether the house is suitable for two adults and a child.
  • Whether rent is charged or deducted from your pay.
  • Whether electricity, water and internet are included.
  • What happens to your accommodation if your employment ends.

4. What about childcare and schooling?

Your child's age can make a big difference to your budget.

  • Under 3 years old: Full-time childcare can be a significant additional expense. Check local early childhood education fees and any subsidies for which your family might qualify.
  • Ages 3–4: Eligible children can receive up to 20 Hours ECE per week at participating services, although additional charges may apply.
  • Age 5 and above: School may be an option. Whether your child qualifies for domestic-student treatment depends on their visa circumstances.

For children on a Dependent Child Student Visa, Immigration New Zealand says they may be treated as domestic students, meaning you may not have to pay school tuition fees. Eligibility must be confirmed for your circumstances. immigration.govt.nz

For a family where one parent works long dairy farm hours, also consider who will care for your child during early starts, evening milking and weekend work.

5. How much money should you have available?

Here is how I'd approach the financial planning.

Situation Suggested initial savings target
Employer pays flights and provides family housing NZ$3,000–$6,000
You pay flights but receive family housing NZ$5,000–$9,000
You pay flights and rent privately NZ$8,000–$15,000
You pay all costs and need a larger financial safety net NZ$15,000–$20,000+

These are suggested savings targets, not official immigration requirements. They assume you have secured a job and account for some initial expenses and emergency funds. Your actual costs could be higher, particularly if visa applications require additional examinations or documents.

For year-round work, I'd also make sure you can cover your family's living expenses if there is a gap between arriving and receiving your first wages.

6. Let's work out the cost for your family

I can give you a much more accurate estimate if you tell me just two things:

1. Which country are you moving from? For example, the UK, Ireland, South Africa, Australia or another country.

2. Will the dairy farm provide a house for your family, or will you need to rent privately?

With those details, I can estimate your family's visa costs, flights, initial savings requirement and ongoing monthly expenses in New Zealand dollars.

Ask anything

ChatGPT can make mistakes. Check important info.

Captured 15–20 October 2026

Gemini · New Zealand country setting

cost of moving a partner and young child to New Zealand for year-round dairy farm work

Moving a partner and a young child to New Zealand for year-round dairy farm work involves several upfront relocation expenses, though dairy farming offers a major structural advantage that offsets ongoing costs: farm-provided housing.

An overview of the costs, earnings, and typical financial requirements for a family of three moving for dairy work includes the following components:


1. Upfront Relocation Costs (NZD)

Moving internationally with a family typically requires an initial capital buffer of $8,000 to $15,000, depending on how much you ship and visa fees:

  • Visas and Documentation:
    • Work visa applications (e.g., Accredited Employer Work Visa - AEWV) and associated partner/child dependent visas run roughly $1,600 to $2,500 combined.
    • Document translation, police clearances, and medical/chest x-ray certificates required for immigration cost about $500 to $1,000.
  • Flights: One-way or flexible international flights for two adults and a toddler/child from your home country generally range from $3,000 to $5,000.
  • Shipping & Luggage: Moving a few personal boxes via air/sea freight or paying excess baggage ranges from $1,000 to $3,500.
  • Settling-In Buffer: Temporary accommodation for your first week, initial groceries, and getting a reliable used vehicle (essential for rural dairy farming) requires at least $5,000 to $8,000.

2. The Dairy Farm Advantage: Housing & Utilities

The single biggest expense for any family moving to New Zealand is housing (rent typically eats up $500–$800+ per week in urban areas).

  • On-Farm Accommodation: Most dairy farms (especially for permanent, year-round positions like Farm Assistants, Herd Managers, or Lower Order Sharemilkers) provide a house on the farm rent-free (or heavily subsidized) as part of the employment package.
  • Utilities: Power and internet on-farm usually run around $200 to $350 per month, though gas/firewood arrangements vary. This perk alone saves a family upwards of $25,000 to $35,000 a year compared to standard renting.

3. Income Expectations in the Dairy Sector

According to rural remuneration data (such as the Federated Farmers-Rabobank report), earnings for full-time dairy positions reflect your experience level:

  • Farm Assistant (Entry to mid-level): Average base salaries range from $70,000 to $75,000 per year.
  • Herd Manager / Assistant Manager: Average base salaries range from $80,000 to $90,000+ per year.
  • Note: Dairy positions frequently include extra perks like free meat, calf-rearing incentives, or performance bonuses. If your partner also wishes to work, local rural towns or neighboring farms offer seasonal or part-time work options.

4. Ongoing Cost of Living for a Family of Three

Because your housing is typically covered, your monthly living expenses will mostly consist of groceries, vehicle running costs, clothing, telecommunications, and healthcare:

  • Groceries: $800 to $1,200 per month for a family of three.
  • Transport: Rural living means driving longer distances for groceries, schools, and social connection. Budget $300 to $600 per month for fuel, maintenance, and vehicle insurance (plus an annual Warrant of Fitness and registration of ~$500).
  • Healthcare: General practitioner (GP) visits for adults cost money, but healthcare for children under 14 is free at standard practices in New Zealand.
  • Childcare / Schooling: If your child is under 3, early childhood education (ECE) costs vary, though 20 free hours apply for children aged 3+. If they are of school age, public state schooling is free for children of work visa holders.

Summary Checklist

  • Minimum Cash to Bring: ~$10,000 to $15,000 setup capital.
  • Expected Salary: $70,000–$85,000+ (with free housing).
  • Key Hurdle: Securing an employer accredited to hire overseas workers who is willing to support an AEWV and sign off on a family-appropriate farmhouse.
Ask Gemini

Gemini is AI and can make mistakes.

Captured 15–20 October 2026

Google AI Mode · New Zealand country setting

cost of moving a partner and young child to New Zealand for year-round dairy farm work

Moving a partner and a young child to New Zealand for year-round dairy farm work involves several cost categories—ranging from immigration fees to flights and relocation logistics. Fortunately, the dairy sector often offsets some of these initial settling costs (like accommodation), but the upfront cash requirement can still be significant.

An itemised breakdown of the estimated costs (in New Zealand Dollars, NZD) illustrates what to expect:

1. Visas and Immigration Fees

Dairy farm roles (such as Farm Assistants, Herd Managers, or Farm Managers) typically fall under the Accredited Employer Work Visa (AEWV) framework.

  • Primary Worker Visa (AEWV): ~NZD $750 (though employer contributions sometimes cover application or Job Check fees).

  • Partner & Child Visas: Dependent partners and children must apply for their own accompanying visas (such as a Partner of a Worker Visitor/Work Visa and Child Visitor/Student Visa). Budget roughly NZD $750 – $1,600 depending on the specific sub-category and whether your partner qualifies for open work rights based on your skill/pay tier.

  • Medical Certificates & Police Clearances: ~NZD $300 – $600 total for the family.

  • Subtotal: $1,800 – $3,000 Partner of a Worker Work Visa » Immigration New ZealandCost of Moving to New Zealand (2026 Breakdown) | Living in NZ

2. Flights to New Zealand

Flight costs depend heavily on your departure country (e.g., South Africa, the UK, the Philippines, or Latin America):

  • From South Africa / Southeast Asia: ~NZD $2,000 – $3,500 per adult; discounted for a young child (if occupying a seat). Total: $5,000 – $8,000

  • From the UK / Europe / North America: ~NZD $3,000 – $5,000 per person. Total: $9,000 – $14,000

3. Shipping and Belongings

  • Container / Excess Baggage: If you are moving more than just suitcases (furniture, appliances, heavy gear), shipping a partial or 20ft container plus MAF/Biosecurity border checks in New Zealand ranges from $4,000 – $8,000.

  • Tip: Many dairy farm jobs in New Zealand come with on-farm housing provided (sometimes fully or partially furnished), meaning you may not need to ship heavy furniture.

4. Settling-In and Buffer Funds

  • Immigration Financial Requirements: Immigration New Zealand generally requires you to prove you have access to at least NZD $1,000 – $4,200 in maintenance funds to support your family upon arrival, depending on whether accommodation is pre-arranged.

  • Initial Groceries, Utilities, and Essentials: $1,500 – $3,000 for the first few weeks before your regular farm pay cycle kicks in smoothly. [www.livinginnz.co.nz]


Total Estimated Cost Range

  • Low End (Minimal shipping, flying from closer regions/Asia/South Africa): Approx. $11,000 – $16,000 NZD

  • High End (Full container shipping, long-haul flights from UK/Europe/North America): Approx. $23,000 – $33,000 NZD

Important Dairy Industry Nuances to Keep in Mind

  • Free or Subsidized Housing: A major perk of New Zealand dairy farming is that free or low-cost accommodation (often a farmhouse on or near the dairy property) and free utilities are frequently built into the employment contract. Always confirm this with your employer, as it drastically reduces your immediate cash burn after landing.

  • Healthcare: Temporary work visa holders and their families generally do not qualify for publicly funded health services for most non-urgent care, meaning maintaining private travel or international health insurance for the first phase is critical.

If you'd like to narrow this down, tell me:

  • Where you are moving from (country)
  • Whether your prospective employer is supplying accommodation
  • If you plan to ship furniture or just bring luggage

I can give you a tighter, custom cost estimate.

Ask anything

Captured 15–20 October 2026

AI Overviews · New Zealand country setting

cost of moving a partner and young child to New Zealand for year-round dairy farm work

AI Overview

The total cost to relocate a family of three (principal worker, partner, and one young child) to New Zealand for year-round dairy work typically ranges from NZD $8,500 to $18,500. This estimation assumes the dairy worker is migrating on an Accredited Employer Work Visa (AEWV), and that the farm employer provides on-site housing (a common perk in the New Zealand dairy sector).

If you are shipping household furniture or importing pets, these costs will increase significantly.

1. Visa & Immigration Costs (Approx. NZD $4,500 – $6,200)

Under Immigration New Zealand's rules, the main worker, partner, and child must submit separate applications, though they can be linked. Note: By law, your New Zealand employer must pay for their own accreditation and the Job Check fee; they cannot pass these costs onto you.

  • Principal Applicant (AEWV): NZD $1,540.
  • Partner Visa (Visitor or Work): NZD $1,630.
  • Dependent Child Visa (Visitor or Student): NZD $750.
  • Medical Exams & Chest X-Rays: NZD $1,200 – $1,800 total for three people. Most stays over 12 months require an eMedical check through an approved panel physician. Children under 11 usually do not require a chest X-ray.
  • Police Certificates & English Tests: NZD $200 – $700 depending on your country of origin.

2. Travel & Flights (Approx. NZD $3,000 – $7,000)

New Zealand's remote location makes flights a primary expense. One-way flights for two adults and one young child vary drastically based on your starting location and the airline season:

  • From Australia: NZD $1,200 – $2,000
  • From Asia / Pacific: NZD $3,000 – $5,000
  • From Europe / UK / South Africa / USA: NZD $5,000 – $8,000

3. Initial Settling & Rural Living Setup (Approx. NZD $1,000 – $5,300)

While many year-round dairy farm jobs include subsidized or free on-farm accommodation, you still need to budget for immediate arrival expenses.

  • Rent Bond & Advance (If housing is NOT provided): NZD $2,500 – $4,000. Expect to pay 2–4 weeks' rent as a bond plus 1–2 weeks in advance.
  • Groceries & Immediate Essentials: NZD $500 – $800 to stock a kitchen and buy basic household supplies for the first two weeks.
  • Rural Transportation: NZD $3,000 – $6,000 (Optional but highly recommended). Most dairy farms are isolated. You will almost certainly need to purchase a cheap, reliable second-hand car shortly after arriving to get groceries and take your child to appointments.

Cost Summary Table

Expense Category Estimated Cost (NZD) Notes
Visas & Levies $3,920 Worker, Partner, and Child applications
Medicals & Police Checks $1,400 – $2,300 Required for all stays over 12 months
One-Way Flights $3,000 – $7,000 Varies by point of origin
Initial Food & Setup $500 – $800 To cover the gap until your first paycheck
Total Estimated Out-of-Pocket $8,820 – $14,020 Excludes shipping furniture or buying a vehicle

To help me narrow down these numbers, could you tell me:

  • What country are you moving from?
  • Has the farm employer explicitly offered free or subsidized on-site housing?
  • Do you plan to ship household goods or bring any family pets?
Ask anything

Captured 15–20 October 2026