Evidence · Immigration

Immigration: questions, answers and evidence

Read all 797 original answers and the tables behind the findings. The 27 missing answers are from the China comparison on three platforms.

questions
143
captured answers
797
missing responses
27
answers collected
15–20 October 2026

01

Every question, with its answers

Each question was written as a voter would ask it and went to all four assistants. Some were also asked from a town. Open a question to read every answer to it in full.

Showing 20 of 143 questions

02

The tables behind the study

Every figure on the study page comes from these tables. They are CSV files, which open in any spreadsheet.

  • Complete AI answers

    answers.csv

    One complete original answer, with the question, platform, country setting and migrant profile.

    question_id, surface_code, location_ref, result_id, prompt_id, platform, scan_id, collection_panel, question_text, response_text

  • The questions we asked

    question-catalogue.csv

    One question with the migrant profile, wording and purpose.

    question_id, question_version, group_id, case_id, asked_for, output_id, module_ids, category, wording_style, prompt_set, collection_panel, comparison_id, exact_text, distinguishing_facts, stated_facts, tags, status

  • Planned questions, platforms and countries

    execution-assignments.csv

    One question, platform and country we planned to collect an answer from.

    question_id, collection_panel, location_name, location_ref, surface, surface_code

  • The 27 missing answers

    missing-cells.csv

    One expected answer that was not collected.

    question_id, collection_panel, location_name, location_ref, surface, surface_code

  • Locations named for each migrant profile

    location-by-persona.csv

    How often a place was named in the twelve New Zealand answers for each migrant profile.

    persona, place, answers, denominator, wording_styles, wording_count, surface_count

  • Locations named across question wordings

    location-by-wording.csv

    One profile, platform and place, showing which versions of the question led to an answer naming the place.

    persona, surface, place, answers, denominator, wording_styles

  • Locations named by collection country

    location-by-region.csv

    One place and country setting; the China comparison has nine answers on Google AI Mode only.

    region, place, answers, denominator, surfaces

  • Eight countries on Google AI Mode

    location-ai-mode-eight-regions.csv

    One place and country across the same nine questions on Google AI Mode.

    region, place, answers, denominator

  • Matched local and overseas answers

    matched-region-answer-pairs.csv

    A New Zealand answer alongside the same question and platform using another country setting.

    region, surface, persona, question_id, result_id, nz_result_id, same_place_set, jaccard, added_names, omitted_names

  • Topics explicitly raised in the answers

    signals-by-output-platform.csv

    How often selected words and phrases appeared, by topic and platform.

    output, surface, signal, answers, denominator

  • Topics raised for each migrant profile

    signals-by-persona-output.csv

    How often selected words and phrases appeared, by migrant profile and topic.

    output, persona, signal, answers, denominator

  • Website addresses in captured answers

    captured-answer-links.csv

    Web addresses saved in the original answers, with image and file links identified.

    question_id, result_id, prompt_id, surface, surface_code, region, output, persona, wording, panel, words, raw_page, transcript, url, domain, host_class, image_or_asset

  • Extra table: links excluding images and files

    captured-links-by-platform.csv

    One platform across the same 143 New Zealand questions. The table excludes image and file links; the main Sources section counts those links.

    surface, denominator, answers_with_links, answers_with_govt_links

  • Captured answer lengths

    platform-answer-length.csv

    One platform across the same 143 local questions.

    surface, answers, median_words, mean_words

  • Recorded websites by answer

    sources-by-answer.csv

    Each website recorded as a source for an answer, with the page addresses and number of statements linked to the website.

    question_id, result_id, prompt_id, surface, surface_code, region, output, persona, wording, panel, words, raw_page, transcript, domain, publisher, claim_count, source_urls

  • Recorded sources and their original claims

    source-claim-ledger.csv

    Sources attached to individual statements, with the original answer, quotation and source passage.

    narrative_id, claim_id, question_id, result_id, prompt_id, surface, surface_code, region, output, persona, wording, panel, words, raw_page, transcript, domain, url, source_passage, claim_quote, quote_exact

  • Answers with sources and answers with links

    source-answer-coverage.csv

    Each New Zealand answer, showing whether sources were recorded and whether the answer text contains a web link.

    question_id, result_id, prompt_id, surface, surface_code, region, output, persona, wording, panel, words, raw_page, transcript, associated_websites, had_sources, literal_url_answer

  • Website publisher classifications

    source-publisher-classification.csv

    Each website, the type of organisation behind the website and the reason for the category. Unconfirmed types remain Other.

    domain, publisher, basis, source

  • Tone toward each place

    place-sentiment-ledger.csv

    One named place in one answer, with the positive, neutral, negative or mixed label, supporting passages and reason. All 108 New Zealand answers about where to live were reviewed.

    result_id, question_id, prompt_id, persona, assistant, region, place, stance, paragraph_numbers, supporting_passages, display_passage, reason, answer_sha256, reviewed_on

  • Facts supplied in each question

    prompt-reporting-eligibility.csv

    Every question, with corrected descriptions of the facts stated and limits on interpreting its answers.

    question_id, reviewed_on, prompt_sha256, original_stated_facts, corrected_stated_facts, metadata_changed, destination_explicit, descriptive_counts_included, interpretation_rule

  • Sources across question styles

    source-wording-incidence.csv

    One website, profile, topic and platform, with answer totals, question styles and the original answer references.

    persona, output, surface, domain, answers_with_source, eligible_answers, wording_styles_with_source, eligible_wording_styles, observed_styles, eligible_styles, answer_ids, by_style

  • Questions with corrected fact descriptions

    question-catalogue-reviewed.csv

    The unchanged original question text with fact descriptions reviewed on 28 October 2026.

    question_id, question_version, group_id, case_id, asked_for, output_id, module_ids, category, wording_style, prompt_set, collection_panel, comparison_id, exact_text, distinguishing_facts, stated_facts, tags, status

  • Statements checked against official sources

    statement-checks.csv

    One checked statement, with its exact passage, verdict, official source, review date and original answer reference.

    check_id, measure_id, question_checked, result_id, prompt_id, question_id, persona, assistant, wording, exact_statement, verdict, what_the_source_says, source_name, source_url, checked_on, answer_sha256

  • Policy questions covered by the checks

    statement-measures.csv

    One policy question, showing checked statements, original answers and the question wordings represented.

    measure_id, question_checked, checked_statements, distinct_answers, wording_styles_with_checked_assertions, wording_styles, answer_ids, question_ids, scope

Use the question and answer numbers to follow the evidence between tables. Locations named in warnings and comparisons count. Sources attached to an answer and web links in the answer text are counted separately.

03

The reviewed evidence

We read all 108 New Zealand answers about where to live to assess the tone toward each named place. A separate selection of 41 answers explores practical advice and contrasts across topics. The original policy checks were made on 22 October and expanded on 28 October 2026; verdicts cover selected statements, not every answer.

ChatGPT · New Zealand country setting

is New Zealand a good move for an experienced hotel or restaurant manager moving alone who needs year-round work and affordable rent?

Is New Zealand a good move for an experienced hotel or restaurant manager?

New Zealand can be a worthwhile move for an experienced hospitality manager, but the combination of year-round employment and affordable rent is the main challenge. Your experience could help you compete for management roles, especially if you have strong operational, staff leadership, budgeting, customer service and revenue management skills. However, getting the right job and finding reasonably priced housing are two separate hurdles.

If you're moving alone and need a reliable income throughout the year, I'd prioritise a permanent, full-time management position over moving first and hoping to find work.

1. What the job market could mean for you

Hotel management

Potentially steadier

Hotels serving business travellers, domestic tourists and international visitors can have demand throughout the year.

Relevant roles include hotel operations manager, front office manager, duty manager, rooms division manager and accommodation manager.

Restaurant management

More variable

Restaurants, pubs and hotel food-and-beverage departments offer management opportunities, but business performance, local demand and trading hours can affect staffing and job stability.

Look for permanent restaurant manager, food and beverage manager, multi-site operations manager and venue manager roles.

For someone with substantial experience, I would investigate hotel operations and food-and-beverage management alongside restaurant management. Your chances will depend on your track record, the scale of properties you've managed, local experience requirements and your right to work in New Zealand.

2. Can you earn enough to live alone?

The numbers matter more than the job title.

New Zealand's Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment reported the following in its 2025 hospitality and tourism workforce survey: Hospitality and tourism employment: Strengthening futures 2025

  • Average reported salary: NZ$80,101 a year across surveyed hospitality and tourism workers, not specifically experienced managers.
  • Permanent full-time work: 59% of respondents.
  • Pay concerns: Only 48% felt they were paid fairly.

That suggests there are salaried jobs, but you shouldn't assume every management vacancy offers a comfortable income.

For an experienced manager living alone, I'd use the following as a planning guide, not a statement of current market salaries:

Annual gross salary Practical assessment
NZ$60,000–$70,000 Living alone could be financially tight, particularly in expensive rental areas.
NZ$75,000–$90,000 Potentially workable with careful housing and transport choices.
NZ$95,000+ More room for savings and unexpected expenses, depending on rent and other costs.

These are indicative budgeting bands, not verified salary ranges for every management role. The actual take-home pay will be lower after tax, and your working hours and benefits matter too.

3. Is rent affordable?

Rent is probably the biggest factor in deciding whether this move makes sense.

New Zealand's official Tenancy Services market-rent tool provides rental figures based on recently lodged bonds. For example, its March–August 2026 data for Avondale, Auckland, showed median weekly rents of NZ$490 for a one-bedroom apartment and NZ$390 for a one-bedroom flat. These are specific to that Auckland suburb, not national averages. Market rent » Tenancy Services

What rent can do to your budget

Illustrative annual cost for someone renting alone, before utilities and other expenses.

NZ$350/week

Lower-cost rental

NZ$18,200/year

NZ$450/week

Mid-range example

NZ$23,400/year

NZ$550/week

Higher-cost rental

NZ$28,600/year

My advice is to compare the rent you can realistically afford with actual job offers, rather than choosing a destination solely because it has plenty of hotels or restaurants. Living alone will generally cost more than renting a room in a shared house.

4. Which parts of New Zealand should you consider?

Rather than choosing one city immediately, I'd compare the types of employment markets below. These are options to investigate, not a ranking of current vacancies or rent levels.

Larger urban employment markets

Auckland and Wellington have a mix of hotels, restaurants, corporate hospitality and food-and-beverage operations. Larger markets may offer more types of employers, but housing costs can eat into your salary.

Other urban centres

Christchurch and other regional centres are worth investigating for hotel operations and restaurant management. Compare actual rents, salaries and the number of permanent vacancies before committing.

Tourism and resort destinations

Tourism-heavy areas can offer exciting management roles, sometimes with staff accommodation. However, seasonal demand and housing availability deserve particular scrutiny. New Zealand tourism authorities identify seasonality as an ongoing challenge for the industry. Embrace the flux, enable the flexThe opportunity to grow off-peak arrivals and address seasonality

For your priorities, I would investigate established hotels with permanent operations first, including properties that offer staff accommodation or relocation assistance. A slightly less glamorous location with stable employment and manageable rent may work better than a famous resort destination.

5. Can you move from overseas and work legally?

If you do not already have New Zealand work rights, check immigration eligibility before making financial commitments.

The Accredited Employer Work Visa (AEWV) generally requires a qualifying full-time job offer from an accredited employer, alongside the applicable skills and other requirements. It permits at least 30 hours of work per week under the visa conditions. The specific visa pathway and eligibility depend on your circumstances and role. Accredited Employer Work Visa » Immigration New Zealand

Before accepting an offer, confirm:

  • Whether the employer is accredited and can support your application.
  • The guaranteed hours, base salary, overtime expectations and days off.
  • Whether the role is permanent or seasonal.
  • Whether staff accommodation is available and what it costs.
  • Whether changing employers later would require a visa variation or new application.

You can start by checking Immigration New Zealand and searching vacancies on SEEK New Zealand.

6. My recommendation

I would consider New Zealand seriously if you have substantial management experience, can secure a permanent position at a salary that leaves room for savings, and can establish your work rights.

I'd be much more cautious about moving without a job offer if you need year-round income and must rent your own place immediately. A job in hospitality is not automatically a financially secure job, even at management level.

The most useful next step is to tailor this assessment to your background.

Let's assess your prospects

Tell me a little about your situation so I can give you a more realistic view of employment, rent and relocation.

Ask anything

ChatGPT can make mistakes. Check important info.

Captured 15–20 October 2026

Gemini · New Zealand country setting

is New Zealand a good move for an experienced hotel or restaurant manager moving alone who needs year-round work and affordable rent?

For an experienced hotel or restaurant manager moving alone who prioritizes year-round work and affordable rent, New Zealand presents a mixed picture. While the country offers strong professional opportunities and a high standard of living, balancing year-round stability with truly affordable rent requires careful choice of location.


1. Year-Round Work vs. Seasonality

  • The Challenge: New Zealand has distinct tourism seasons. Famous hotspots like Queenstown, Wanaka, or parts of the Bay of Islands experience massive peaks in summer (December to February) and winter (ski season), which can mean fluctuating hours or seasonal closures for some venues.
  • The Solution for Steady Work: To guarantee year-round, stable employment as a manager, you should target major metropolitan centers (such as Auckland, Christchurch, or Wellington) or large regional commercial hubs (such as Hamilton, Tauranga, or Palmerston North). These cities maintain robust corporate, local dining, and business-travel markets that insulate hospitality venues from deep seasonal lulls.

2. The Reality of Rent Affordability

  • The Challenge: Rental markets in major urban economic centers like Auckland and Wellington command higher prices, which can stretch a single income. Conversely, smaller towns often feature much cheaper rent, but fewer high-level management opportunities or lower local wage ceilings.
  • Finding the Sweet Spot: Look toward secondary cities and larger provincial hubs (e.g., Christchurch, Dunedin, or parts of the Canterbury and Waikato regions). These areas typically offer a much healthier balance—lower average weekly rents than Auckland, combined with thriving, year-round food, beverage, and hotel sectors.

3. Pros and Cons at a Glance

Factor What to Expect in New Zealand
Job Market Steady demand for skilled hospitality and hotel managers, particularly those with experience in operations, cost controls, and staff leadership.
Work-Life Balance Generally strong emphasis on workplace standards, standard employment agreements, and statutory holiday/leave entitlements.
Renting Alone Renting a one-bedroom apartment or flatting alone requires careful budgeting, as single-person households bear the full weight of rental costs. Provincial cities offer the best relief here.
Visas & Entry If you are moving independently, you will need to secure an appropriate work visa (such as an Accredited Employer Work Visa tied to a job offer, or working holiday options if eligible by age).

Verdict

New Zealand is a good move for an experienced solo manager, provided you steer clear of hyper-seasonal resort towns if your primary goal is uninterrupted year-round stability. By targeting established secondary cities or diverse regional hubs, you can secure steady, professional management work while keeping your rent-to-income ratio manageable.

Are you planning to secure a job offer before making the move, or looking into specific visa options?

Ask Gemini

Gemini is AI and can make mistakes.

Captured 15–20 October 2026

Google AI Mode · New Zealand country setting

is New Zealand a good move for an experienced hotel or restaurant manager moving alone who needs year-round work and affordable rent?

New Zealand presents a mixed and challenging landscape for an experienced hotel or restaurant manager moving alone, as it offers steady year-round employment in major centers but struggles with high rental costs relative to average hospitality wages.

Moving to New Zealand as a solo hospitality professional involves weighing key economic, employment, and housing realities:

Year-Round Work Availability

  • Major Urban Centers: Cities like Auckland , Wellington , and Christchurch provide consistent, year-round hospitality, hotel, and corporate dining operations with stable management openings.

  • Regional & Tourist Hotspots: Smaller tourist destinations (such as Queenstown or regional beach/alpine towns) experience heavy seasonal peaks and slower winters. While management roles exist year-round to retain core staff, hours and operational intensity can fluctuate significantly outside peak visitor seasons.

  • Visa Context: Accommodation, hotel, and café/restaurant managers fall under specific work pathways via the Accredited Employer Work Visa (AEWV), though permanent residency pathways via the Skilled Migrant Category impose specific wage thresholds and local experience criteria.

Rental Affordability

  • High Housing Costs: Rent in major metro areas and prime tourism hubs is high compared to local median incomes. Renting a standard one-bedroom apartment or flatting alone typically requires a substantial portion of a mid-level manager’s weekly salary.

  • Regional Variations: Smaller provincial towns and secondary cities offer much lower rental rates, but management positions paying competitive metropolitan salaries are scarcer there. [New Zealand Immigration Partners]

  • Property Standards: Rental properties must comply with strict Healthy Homes Standards (heating, insulation, ventilation), meaning legal rentals are generally well-maintained, but initial move-in costs (bond up to 4 weeks' rent plus advance rent) are high.

Trade-Offs for a Solo Mover

  • Cost of Living: General consumer goods, dining out, and utilities carry a high price tag due to New Zealand's isolated island supply chain. Living completely alone without a roommate or partner to share expenses reduces financial flexibility.

  • Work-Life Balance: New Zealand labor laws mandate a minimum of 4 weeks of annual leave and 10 days of sick leave, but operational management in hospitality frequently demands long, irregular hours, weekend shifts, and split shifts.

If you'd like to narrow this down, please tell me:

  • Your target salary expectations or budget for weekly rent
  • Whether you prefer large cities (Auckland/Christchurch) or regional/scenic areas

I can provide a more tailored breakdown of specific regional job markets and living expenses.

Ask anything

Captured 15–20 October 2026

AI Overviews · New Zealand country setting

is New Zealand a good move for an experienced hotel or restaurant manager moving alone who needs year-round work and affordable rent?

AI Overview

Moving to New Zealand as an experienced hotel or restaurant manager traveling alone is a mixed prospect: year-round work is highly achievable if you choose the right location, but finding truly affordable rent on a single income will be your biggest challenge.

While your skills are highly valued, New Zealand's isolated economy drives up a steep cost of living. For an individual relying entirely on a hospitality management salary, your quality of life will depend on navigating strict new visa rules and avoiding hyper-seasonal or high-rent markets.

🏢 Year-Round Work vs. Seasonality

Year-round employment is completely feasible, provided you look outside of highly seasonal alpine or beach resort pockets (like Queenstown or certain coastal areas), which experience steep downturns in autumn and winter.

  • The Urban/Regional Divide: Major cities and large regional commercial hubs maintain consistent business travel, domestic conferences, and local dining traffic year-round.
  • Permanent Contract Protection: New Zealand relies heavily on "casual" employment in hospitality (which has no guaranteed hours). As an experienced manager, you should negotiate a permanent employment agreement ensuring a stable, guaranteed minimum of 38 to 40 hours per week.

💰 Earning Potential vs. Rent Realities

Renting on a single income is tough in New Zealand. Rent is priced weekly , and the market is highly competitive.

Role Type Average Annual Salary Typical Weekly Rent (1-Bed / Studio) Financial Outlook
Restaurant Manager $65,000 – $75,000 $400 – $550 (City Apartment)
$220 – $440 (Shared Flat/Room) Tight. After taxes, a solo apartment can swallow 40–50% of your take-home pay. "Flatting" (sharing a house) is highly recommended initially.
Hotel Manager $85,000 – $105,000 $400 – $550 (City Apartment)
$220 – $440 (Shared Flat/Room) Manageable. Gives you the financial breathing room to comfortably rent a solo apartment, save money, and absorb high utility and grocery costs.

Note: Data values are in New Zealand Dollars (NZD).

🛂 The Catch: Strict Visa & Residency Hurdles

Immigration New Zealand enforces precise regulations under the Skilled Migrant Category (SMC) that heavily impact hospitality managers:

  • The "Amber List" Classification: "Cafe or Restaurant Manager" and "Hotel or Motel Manager" are placed on the SMC Amber List.
  • The Wage Requirements: To qualify for a work-to-residence pathway, you cannot just earn an average wage. Amber List roles require a strict minimum threshold of 1.2 times the SMC median wage , which equates to roughly $42.00 per hour.
  • The Experience Trap: Many standard restaurant manager positions in New Zealand pay flat salaries that break down to roughly $30–$35 per hour. If your job offer does not meet the $42.00/hr Amber List threshold, your long-term visa or residency options will be severely limited.

If you would like to map out the logistics further, let me know:

  • What is your preferred living arrangement (your own apartment or a shared house)?
  • Are you aiming for a temporary stay (e.g., 1–3 years) or looking for permanent residency?
  • Do you have a preference for managing large-scale hotels or independent restaurants?
Ask anything

Captured 15–20 October 2026