Evidence · Immigration

Immigration: questions, answers and evidence

Read all 797 original answers and the tables behind the findings. The 27 missing answers are from the China comparison on three platforms.

questions
143
captured answers
797
missing responses
27
answers collected
15–20 October 2026

01

Every question, with its answers

Each question was written as a voter would ask it and went to all four assistants. Some were also asked from a town. Open a question to read every answer to it in full.

Showing 20 of 143 questions

02

The tables behind the study

Every figure on the study page comes from these tables. They are CSV files, which open in any spreadsheet.

  • Complete AI answers

    answers.csv

    One complete original answer, with the question, platform, country setting and migrant profile.

    question_id, surface_code, location_ref, result_id, prompt_id, platform, scan_id, collection_panel, question_text, response_text

  • The questions we asked

    question-catalogue.csv

    One question with the migrant profile, wording and purpose.

    question_id, question_version, group_id, case_id, asked_for, output_id, module_ids, category, wording_style, prompt_set, collection_panel, comparison_id, exact_text, distinguishing_facts, stated_facts, tags, status

  • Planned questions, platforms and countries

    execution-assignments.csv

    One question, platform and country we planned to collect an answer from.

    question_id, collection_panel, location_name, location_ref, surface, surface_code

  • The 27 missing answers

    missing-cells.csv

    One expected answer that was not collected.

    question_id, collection_panel, location_name, location_ref, surface, surface_code

  • Locations named for each migrant profile

    location-by-persona.csv

    How often a place was named in the twelve New Zealand answers for each migrant profile.

    persona, place, answers, denominator, wording_styles, wording_count, surface_count

  • Locations named across question wordings

    location-by-wording.csv

    One profile, platform and place, showing which versions of the question led to an answer naming the place.

    persona, surface, place, answers, denominator, wording_styles

  • Locations named by collection country

    location-by-region.csv

    One place and country setting; the China comparison has nine answers on Google AI Mode only.

    region, place, answers, denominator, surfaces

  • Eight countries on Google AI Mode

    location-ai-mode-eight-regions.csv

    One place and country across the same nine questions on Google AI Mode.

    region, place, answers, denominator

  • Matched local and overseas answers

    matched-region-answer-pairs.csv

    A New Zealand answer alongside the same question and platform using another country setting.

    region, surface, persona, question_id, result_id, nz_result_id, same_place_set, jaccard, added_names, omitted_names

  • Topics explicitly raised in the answers

    signals-by-output-platform.csv

    How often selected words and phrases appeared, by topic and platform.

    output, surface, signal, answers, denominator

  • Topics raised for each migrant profile

    signals-by-persona-output.csv

    How often selected words and phrases appeared, by migrant profile and topic.

    output, persona, signal, answers, denominator

  • Website addresses in captured answers

    captured-answer-links.csv

    Web addresses saved in the original answers, with image and file links identified.

    question_id, result_id, prompt_id, surface, surface_code, region, output, persona, wording, panel, words, raw_page, transcript, url, domain, host_class, image_or_asset

  • Extra table: links excluding images and files

    captured-links-by-platform.csv

    One platform across the same 143 New Zealand questions. The table excludes image and file links; the main Sources section counts those links.

    surface, denominator, answers_with_links, answers_with_govt_links

  • Captured answer lengths

    platform-answer-length.csv

    One platform across the same 143 local questions.

    surface, answers, median_words, mean_words

  • Recorded websites by answer

    sources-by-answer.csv

    Each website recorded as a source for an answer, with the page addresses and number of statements linked to the website.

    question_id, result_id, prompt_id, surface, surface_code, region, output, persona, wording, panel, words, raw_page, transcript, domain, publisher, claim_count, source_urls

  • Recorded sources and their original claims

    source-claim-ledger.csv

    Sources attached to individual statements, with the original answer, quotation and source passage.

    narrative_id, claim_id, question_id, result_id, prompt_id, surface, surface_code, region, output, persona, wording, panel, words, raw_page, transcript, domain, url, source_passage, claim_quote, quote_exact

  • Answers with sources and answers with links

    source-answer-coverage.csv

    Each New Zealand answer, showing whether sources were recorded and whether the answer text contains a web link.

    question_id, result_id, prompt_id, surface, surface_code, region, output, persona, wording, panel, words, raw_page, transcript, associated_websites, had_sources, literal_url_answer

  • Website publisher classifications

    source-publisher-classification.csv

    Each website, the type of organisation behind the website and the reason for the category. Unconfirmed types remain Other.

    domain, publisher, basis, source

  • Tone toward each place

    place-sentiment-ledger.csv

    One named place in one answer, with the positive, neutral, negative or mixed label, supporting passages and reason. All 108 New Zealand answers about where to live were reviewed.

    result_id, question_id, prompt_id, persona, assistant, region, place, stance, paragraph_numbers, supporting_passages, display_passage, reason, answer_sha256, reviewed_on

  • Facts supplied in each question

    prompt-reporting-eligibility.csv

    Every question, with corrected descriptions of the facts stated and limits on interpreting its answers.

    question_id, reviewed_on, prompt_sha256, original_stated_facts, corrected_stated_facts, metadata_changed, destination_explicit, descriptive_counts_included, interpretation_rule

  • Sources across question styles

    source-wording-incidence.csv

    One website, profile, topic and platform, with answer totals, question styles and the original answer references.

    persona, output, surface, domain, answers_with_source, eligible_answers, wording_styles_with_source, eligible_wording_styles, observed_styles, eligible_styles, answer_ids, by_style

  • Questions with corrected fact descriptions

    question-catalogue-reviewed.csv

    The unchanged original question text with fact descriptions reviewed on 28 October 2026.

    question_id, question_version, group_id, case_id, asked_for, output_id, module_ids, category, wording_style, prompt_set, collection_panel, comparison_id, exact_text, distinguishing_facts, stated_facts, tags, status

  • Statements checked against official sources

    statement-checks.csv

    One checked statement, with its exact passage, verdict, official source, review date and original answer reference.

    check_id, measure_id, question_checked, result_id, prompt_id, question_id, persona, assistant, wording, exact_statement, verdict, what_the_source_says, source_name, source_url, checked_on, answer_sha256

  • Policy questions covered by the checks

    statement-measures.csv

    One policy question, showing checked statements, original answers and the question wordings represented.

    measure_id, question_checked, checked_statements, distinct_answers, wording_styles_with_checked_assertions, wording_styles, answer_ids, question_ids, scope

Use the question and answer numbers to follow the evidence between tables. Locations named in warnings and comparisons count. Sources attached to an answer and web links in the answer text are counted separately.

03

The reviewed evidence

We read all 108 New Zealand answers about where to live to assess the tone toward each named place. A separate selection of 41 answers explores practical advice and contrasts across topics. The original policy checks were made on 22 October and expanded on 28 October 2026; verdicts cover selected statements, not every answer.

ChatGPT · New Zealand country setting

what to arrange before moving a young family to New Zealand for dairy farm work

Moving to New Zealand with a young family for dairy farm work

Moving to New Zealand for dairy farming can be a great opportunity for a young family, but the key is to get the job, visa pathway, accommodation, childcare and finances sorted before you leave your home country.

The biggest thing to understand is that a dairy farm job offer does not automatically give your whole family the right to live in New Zealand. Your work visa, your partner's work rights and your children's visa and schooling arrangements need to be considered separately.

Here is a practical checklist to help you plan the move.

1. Secure the right dairy farm job

10

Before accepting a job, get a written employment agreement and confirm the following:

  • Job title and duties: farm assistant, dairy farm worker, herd manager, assistant manager or farm manager.
  • Pay: hourly rate or annual salary, guaranteed hours, overtime arrangements and pay frequency.
  • Roster: start times, milking schedule, days off, weekend work and any on-call expectations.
  • Accommodation: whether a house is included, the rent, utilities, bond and any deductions from wages.
  • Location: how far the farm is from supermarkets, schools, childcare, medical services and public transport.
  • Visa support: whether the employer is accredited where required and can support the appropriate work visa application.

Ask for photographs or a video tour of the house, not just the farm. For a family with young children, the condition of the home, heating, insulation, outdoor safety and distance to services matter just as much as the job itself.

Important: Never assume farm accommodation is free. Establish exactly what you will pay and what happens to your housing if the job ends.

2. Work out visas for the entire family

Immigration should be your first major administrative priority.

If you are coming on an Accredited Employer Work Visa (AEWV), check the official rules for your exact role, pay and family circumstances before committing to the move. Family visa eligibility depends on the job's classification and other requirements, not simply on being employed in New Zealand. Accredited Employer Work Visa » Immigration New ZealandBringing family if you have an Accredited Employer Work Visa (AEWV) :: Immigration New Zealand

Use this order:

  1. Confirm the employer's accreditation and the visa route for the job.
  2. Gather evidence of your dairy farming experience, qualifications and employment history.
  3. Check the visa eligibility of your partner and each child.
  4. Prepare passports, relationship evidence, birth certificates and any required medical, police or translated documents.
  5. Wait for the relevant visa approvals before making non-refundable travel arrangements.

Official resources:

Do not assume your partner will automatically have open work rights, or that your children will automatically qualify for domestic-student education or publicly funded healthcare. Check the conditions for each family member.

3. Arrange housing and understand rural life

11

Farm accommodation can save money, but rural living can be quite different from living in a town.

Before accepting the property, ask the employer:

  • Is the house self-contained, and how many bedrooms does it have?
  • What is the weekly rent, and are power, water, internet and rubbish collection included?
  • Is there reliable mobile coverage and broadband?
  • Is the home insulated, heated and free from damp or mould?
  • Is the garden fenced and safe for toddlers?
  • How far away are the nearest school, early-childhood centre, supermarket and GP?
  • Will you need a vehicle, and is parking available?

Get the accommodation terms in writing, including what happens if your employment ends. Check the relevant tenancy and employment rules, as farm housing arrangements can differ.

4. Plan for your children's schooling and childcare

The arrangements depend on your children's ages and visa status.

Children's age What to arrange
Under 3 Childcare options, availability, fees and waitlists
3–5 Early childhood education and eventual school enrolment
5–6 School enrolment, start date and eligibility
6–16 School placement and enrolment documentation

In New Zealand, children generally start school around age five and must be enrolled by age six. Education is compulsory from ages 6 to 16, but you should confirm the rules and enrolment eligibility for your children's particular circumstances.

Before leaving, prepare:

  • Birth certificates and passports.
  • School reports and records of previous schooling.
  • Immunisation records.
  • Any relevant learning-support documentation.
  • Contact details for previous schools or childcare providers.

Do not assume childcare will be immediately available near your farm. Rural centres may have limited places or opening hours that do not match early-morning milking shifts. Check whether your work roster is compatible with one parent caring for the children or whether you will need paid childcare.

Official starting point: New Zealand Ministry of Education.

5. Understand your healthcare options

Before travelling, confirm what healthcare each family member can access under their visa status.

Arrange or investigate:

  • Eligibility for publicly funded healthcare.
  • Travel or private health insurance for any gaps in cover.
  • Prescription medicines and a letter from your doctor if needed.
  • Copies of vaccination and medical records.
  • How to enrol with a local general practice (GP) after arrival.
  • Emergency care options near the farm.

Do not assume that having a work visa means every member of your family qualifies for publicly funded healthcare. Eligibility depends on immigration status and other rules.

For official guidance, see Health New Zealand and Immigration New Zealand.

6. Build a realistic moving budget

Even if you have a job and a farmhouse waiting, you will need money available before your first payday.

Plan for these costs:

Expense What to allow for
Visas Applications for every eligible family member
Flights Flights, checked baggage and children's travel needs
Initial housing Bond, rent in advance or temporary accommodation
Food and essentials Groceries, bedding, kitchenware and children's necessities
Transport Vehicle purchase, insurance, fuel and registration if needed
Healthcare Insurance, prescriptions and initial appointments where applicable
Childcare Fees, deposits and possible waiting periods
Emergency fund Unexpected costs or a delay in starting work

I would aim to arrive with enough accessible money to cover at least 6–8 weeks of essential family expenses, if possible, in addition to the cost of the move. More is preferable if you have several children or are moving without guaranteed accommodation.

Ask your employer when your first pay will arrive, whether accommodation costs are deducted from wages and whether any relocation assistance is available.

7. Sort out driving, transport and everyday essentials

Many dairy farms are in rural areas where public transport is limited or unavailable.

Before leaving, check:

  • Whether your current driver's licence can be used in New Zealand and for how long.
  • Whether you need an International Driving Permit or an approved translation.
  • Whether you will need to buy a vehicle immediately.
  • Whether the farm has a suitable family car or work vehicle, and who pays running costs.
  • How you will get the children to school, childcare and medical appointments.

Read the rules from Waka Kotahi NZ Transport Agency.

Once you arrive, you will also need to organise a bank account, an IRD number for tax, a New Zealand mobile number and reliable internet access. Ask the employer which of these can be arranged before your start date.

8. Prepare for the realities of dairy farming

Dairy work often involves early mornings, physical work and long or variable days during busy periods.

For a young family, discuss these questions with your partner and employer before accepting the position:

  • Can one parent manage the children when the other starts milking before dawn?
  • Will both parents be working, and if so, who handles childcare?
  • How much flexibility is available when a child is sick?
  • Are rostered days off predictable?
  • Is the farm a reasonable distance from other families and community activities?
  • What happens if the job does not work out?

If you have not worked in New Zealand dairy farming before, ask about training in animal handling, milking systems, farm health and safety, machinery, and local farming practices.

Also check that you have appropriate work clothing and footwear. Clean any used farming boots or outdoor equipment thoroughly and declare relevant items when you arrive. New Zealand has strict biosecurity requirements to protect its agricultural industry. How to declare items when arriving in NZTravelling to New Zealand?

9. Gather your paperwork before leaving

Use this checklist to keep the whole family's documents together.

Family relocation checklist

0 of 17 completed

Immigration and identity

Valid passports for every family member

Job offer and signed employment agreement

Work experience references, certificates and qualifications

Marriage or partnership evidence, if relevant

Birth certificates for all children

Required police, medical and translated documents

Children and health

Vaccination and medical records

Previous school reports and learning-support records

Medication and prescriptions

School and childcare enquiries completed

Healthcare eligibility and insurance checked

Money and practical arrangements

Initial accommodation confirmed in writing

Moving budget and emergency savings available

Flights booked after visa approvals

Driving licence requirements checked

Banking, tax and mobile arrangements planned

Copies of all important documents saved securely

Copy checklist

10. A sensible timeline for the move

First

Before committing

Secure a suitable job offer, check the employer and visa requirements, confirm family visa eligibility and agree on accommodation and pay.

Next

While applications are processed

Gather documents, apply for visas, check school and childcare options, arrange savings and research transport. Processing times vary, so avoid booking inflexible travel too early.

Before flying

Final preparations

Confirm visa approvals, accommodation, flights, insurance, document copies and your arrival transport. Complete the New Zealand Traveller Declaration and declare required biosecurity items.

First month

Settle the family in

Complete banking and tax arrangements, enrol eligible children, arrange a GP, learn the local routes and confirm the work roster and household budget.

Let’s make this specific to your family

The best advice will depend on where you are moving from, your dairy experience and the ages of your children.

Your move to New Zealand

Share what you know so I can tailor the visa, job-search and family budget advice.

Ask anything

ChatGPT can make mistakes. Check important info.

Captured 15–20 October 2026

Gemini · New Zealand country setting

what to arrange before moving a young family to New Zealand for dairy farm work

Moving a young family to New Zealand for dairy farming requires careful planning across immigration, housing, employment conditions, and rural lifestyle logistics. Because New Zealand dairy farms are often located in close-knit but isolated rural communities, organizing these elements ahead of time ensures a smooth transition.


1. Visas and Family Eligibility

  • Employer Accreditation: Ensure your prospective employer holds a valid Accredited Employer Work Visa (AEWV) status through Immigration New Zealand (INZ). They must complete a Job Check before you can apply for your visa.
  • Visas for Partner and Dependents: Check whether your specific job tier and salary meet the criteria to support work, visitor, or student visas for your family. For many standard or higher-level dairy roles (such as Herd Managers or Assistant Managers on the Green List), structured pathways to residence exist, which significantly changes long-term stability for children and partners.
  • Documentation: Gather police clearances, medical certificates, chest X-rays, and proof of your relationship (for partners) or birth certificates (for children) well in advance.

2. On-Farm Accommodation and Living Costs

  • On-Farm Housing: Most dairy farm roles (like Farm Assistants, Herd Managers, or Contract Milkers) include on-farm housing as part of the employment package.
  • Inspect the Home: Request photos, a description, or a video walkthrough of the accommodation. Clarify what is included (e.g., whether it complies with New Zealand’s Healthy Homes standards, heating sources, insulation, and space for a young family).
  • Rural Isolation: Farm houses are often situated a distance away from towns. Factor in the distance to the nearest supermarket, medical center, and early childhood education or schools.

3. Employment Terms and Working Rhythms

  • Review the Employment Agreement: New Zealand employment law mandates a written employment agreement. Check the details regarding hourly rates or salaries, minimum guaranteed hours, and overtime provisions.
  • Understand the Roster: Dairy farming involves early starts (often around 5:00 AM) and seasonal intensifications—particularly during calving season (typically July to September). Familiarize yourself with the roster system (e.g., 11 days on, 3 days off, or variations depending on the farm).
  • Leave Entitlements: Confirm that standard entitlements like 4 weeks of annual leave, public holidays, and sick leave are clearly outlined.

4. Logistics for Children and Family Life

  • Schools and Early Childhood Education (ECE): New Zealand has free public schooling for children from age 5 (starting on or around their 5th birthday). For younger children, look into local rural kindergartens or ECE providers, noting that options can be limited in remote areas and may require driving.
  • Healthcare: Enrolment with a local Primary Health Organisation (PHO) or medical clinic should be organized upon arrival. Keep in mind that standard public healthcare is free or heavily subsidized for residents and eligible work visa holders, but ambulance cover or specialized care can incur costs.
  • Transport: Public transport is practically non-existent in rural dairy farming districts. You will almost certainly need at least two reliable vehicles (often a 4WD or a vehicle suited for unsealed gravel roads) so that a partner has transport while the working parent is on the farm. Validating or converting overseas driver’s licenses to New Zealand equivalents should also be prioritized.

What specific dairy role or region are you targeting for your move?

Ask Gemini

Gemini is AI and can make mistakes.

Captured 15–20 October 2026

Google AI Mode · New Zealand country setting

what to arrange before moving a young family to New Zealand for dairy farm work

Moving a young family to New Zealand for dairy farming requires careful planning, as rural life and New Zealand’s seasonal farming systems have unique logistical demands.

Organising this transition effectively involves addressing core legal and employment arrangements first, followed by family and on-farm practicalities.

1. Visas and Legal Requirements

  • Appropriate Visas: Ensure every family member has the correct visa via

Immigration New Zealand

. Most dairy workers enter via the Accredited Employer Work Visa (AEWV) or utilize Green List pathways for higher-level management roles (like Herd Managers or Farm Managers) which offer clearer residency paths.

  • Partner and Dependent Visas: Confirm that your partner's work rights and your children’s dependent student visas are concurrently approved so your family can access education and work legally.

  • IRD Numbers: Plan to apply for an Inland Revenue Department (IRD) number as soon as you arrive so you can be taxed correctly under New Zealand law.

2. Employment and On-Farm Housing Agreements

  • Employment Agreement: Review and sign a formal employment agreement that aligns with New Zealand employment standards and

DairyNZ

guidelines, checking details around hours, rosters (such as 8-and-2 or 5-and-2 arrangements), and calving-season expectations.

  • On-Farm Accommodation: Clarify whether accommodation (often a farm house or cottage) is provided as part of your employment package. Confirm what is included (e.g., utilities, internet availability, and whether it is furnished or unfurnished) and inspect the condition and distance to the nearest town.

3. Family, Schooling, and Healthcare

  • Schools and Early Childhood Education: Research local rural schools or area schools near your prospective farm location. Check transport options, as many rural areas in New Zealand provide school bus runs that pick up children from rural junctions.

  • Healthcare Registration: Locate the nearest rural health clinic or medical center. Note that eligibility for publicly funded health services in New Zealand depends on the specific type and length of your work visa.

  • Community Connections: Rural New Zealand communities are tight-knit; look into local

Plunket services

for young children, sports clubs, and playgroups to help your family integrate smoothly. [Immigration New Zealand]

4. Practical Logistics and Settling In

  • Banking and Utilities: Plan to open a

New Zealand bank account

(many major banks allow you to start this online before arrival) and arrange mobile phone and broadband coverage, keeping in mind that some remote farming valleys have limited cell coverage and rely on satellite internet (like Starlink).

  • Transport and Driving: Check if your overseas driver’s licences are valid for driving in New Zealand (valid for up to 12 months, after which you must convert to a New Zealand licence). Having a reliable, four-wheel-drive or robust vehicle is often essential for rural gravel roads and farm terrain.

  • Relocation and Packing Exceptions: Pack durable, weather-appropriate clothing. New Zealand dairy farming involves working outdoors in all weather conditions—winters and spring calving can be cold, wet, and muddy, requiring high-quality waterproof gear and steel-capped safety boots.

If you'd like to share what specific dairy role you've been offered (e.g., Farm Assistant or Herd Manager) and the region of New Zealand you are heading to, I can provide more tailored details on local schooling, climate, and community support.

Ask anything

Captured 15–20 October 2026

AI Overviews · New Zealand country setting

what to arrange before moving a young family to New Zealand for dairy farm work

AI Overview

Moving a young family to New Zealand for dairy farming requires balancing visa requirements, employer-provided rural housing, and family logistics before your departure.

Because dairy farms are located in rural communities, managing your housing, transport, and schooling logistics in advance will make your transition much smoother.


🛂 1. Visas and Legality (The First Priority)

  • Secure an Accredited Employer: Ensure your job offer is from an employer accredited by Immigration New Zealand (INZ). They must complete a "Job Check" before you can apply for an Accredited Employer Work Visa (AEWV).
  • Family Visas: Double-check your specific visa conditions to ensure your partner is eligible for an open work visa and your dependent children can secure student visas (making them eligible for domestic student status).
  • Green List Pathways: Many mid-to-senior dairy farming roles (like Farm Managers) sit under the Green List Tier 2 pathway, which can offer a clear Work to Residence track after 24 months of working in New Zealand.

🏡 2. Housing and Farm Accommodations

  • Clarify On-Farm Accommodations: Most dairy farm jobs include on-farm housing. Ask your employer for photos, layout details, and heating specifics. Rural Kiwi homes can get damp and cold; you will want to know if it includes a heat pump or wood burner.
  • Rent and Utilities: Clarify whether the rent is deducted directly from your salary (and if it matches fair market value) and whether utilities like electricity or farm-sourced internet are included.
  • Temporary Housing: If on-farm housing is not ready immediately, book a temporary rental or Airbnb in advance.

👶 3. Childcare and Education

  • School Enrollment: Children in New Zealand start primary school on their 5th birthday. Reach out to rural schools in your farm's catchment zone ahead of time to understand enrollment procedures.
  • Early Childhood Education (ECE): For children aged 3 to 5, the government subsidizes up to 20 hours of free ECE per week. Places fill up fast in rural community playcentres and daycares, so research options before arriving.

🚗 4. Transport and Driving

  • Driving Licenses: Rural dairy farming requires independent transport. Ensure you have an International Driving Permit (IDP) or an official English translation of your current license. You can legally drive on a valid foreign license for up to 12 months after arriving.
  • Vehicle Planning: Budget to buy a reliable car (preferably a 4WD or SUV suited for unsealed rural gravel roads) shortly after landing.

🏦 5. Finances and Admin

  • Remote Banking: Open a migrant bank account online with a major New Zealand bank (such as ANZ, ASB, BNZ, or Westpac) before you leave. You will activate it in person once you arrive.
  • IRD (Tax) Number: You cannot get paid without an Inland Revenue Department (IRD) number. You can apply for this online as soon as your visa is approved and you have a functioning NZ bank account.
  • Document Checklist: Pack physical, certified English copies of birth certificates, marriage certificates, medical records, and immunisation books for your children.

🏥 6. Healthcare

  • Check Eligibility: Depending on the duration of your work visa (typically requires a visa valid for 2 continuous years or more), your family may be eligible for publicly funded healthcare.
  • Medical Insurance: If your visa is shorter, or to bridge any gaps before you register with a local General Practitioner (GP), purchase comprehensive family travel/medical insurance. Note that accident-related injuries are covered for everyone in NZ under the government’s ACC (Accident Compensation Corporation) scheme.

To help give you more tailored advice, what specific dairy role (e.g., Farm Assistant, Herd Manager) have you applied for, and what are the ages of your children?

Ask anything

Captured 15–20 October 2026