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Evidence · NZ Election 2026 · Edition 2

Every question, every answer, every source

All 174 questions and the 793 answers produced on 12 October 2026. The 27 remaining cells produced no AI Overview.

questions
174
answers saved
793
collected
12 Oct 2026

01

Every question, with its answers

Each question was written as a voter would ask it and went to all four assistants. Some were also asked from a town. Open a question to read every answer to it in full.

Showing 20 of 174 questions

Show all 174

02

The tables behind the study

Every figure on the study page comes from these tables. They are CSV files, which open in any spreadsheet.

  • Questions

    nz-election-2026-questions.csv

    One row per unchanged question.

    id, draft, text, voterCode, issue, towns

    174rows

    Download questions (CSV)

  • Answers

    nz-election-2026-answers.csv

    One row per produced answer, with its complete original text.

    result id, prompt id, draft id, scenario id, platform, region, words, parties, literal url answer, associated source answer, temporal pair, common four platforms, response text

    793rows

    Download answers (CSV)

  • Sources by answer

    nz-election-2026-sources.csv

    One row per website associated with an answer; repeated citations count once.

    answer id, question id, assistant, region, domain, publisher

    4,137rows

    Download sources by answer (CSV)

  • Checks against official sources

    nz-election-2026-checks.csv

    One row per reviewed proposition, retaining both answers, extracts and the reviewed change.

    check, draft id, platform, claim, verdict, assessment, source url, source label, source date, checked date, old result id, new result id, old excerpt, new excerpt

    15rows

    Download checks against official sources (CSV)

  • Who to vote for: coding

    nz-election-2026-guidance.csv

    One row per manually reviewed guidance answer. Codes overlap; original answers supply the evidence.

    draft, assistant, q, voter, a, declined, matched, shortlist, asked, chose, extract

    31rows

    Download who to vote for: coding (CSV)

  • Location and national answers

    nz-election-2026-towns.csv

    One row per matched national/location pair, with both editions.

    prompt id, draft id, scenario id, issue, platform, city, edition 1 same party set, edition 1 national result, edition 1 city result, edition 2 same party set, edition 2 national result, edition 2 city result

    124rows

    Download location and national answers (CSV)

  • Changes between editions

    nz-election-2026-comparisons.csv

    One row per identical question, assistant and location across the two collections.

    prompt id, draft id, scenario id, scenario, issue, platform, region, old result id, new result id, old words, new words, same party set, old parties, new parties, added parties, removed parties, literal same domains, literal old domains, literal new domains, literal added domains, literal removed domains, associated same domains, associated old domains, associated new domains, associated added domains, associated removed domains

    793rows

    Download changes between editions (CSV)

  • No AI Overview produced

    nz-election-2026-coverage.csv

    One row per planned cell where no AI Overview was produced.

    prompt id, platform, region, draft id, block, scenario id, scenario, issue, priority, question, cause, availability

    27rows

    Download no ai overview produced (CSV)

Use these tables to trace findings back to the original questions and answers. The full text of each answer is also on this page, under its question.

03

Read in full and checked

Some answers were read in detail or checked against official sources. Those appear on the study page, beside the findings they support.

ChatGPT · No location

For the 2026 New Zealand general election: What would the parties change about electricity prices, fuel costs and the security of energy supply?

New Zealand 2026 election: electricity, fuel and energy security

As of 11 October 2026, the main dividing line between New Zealand's political parties is how to make energy affordable while ensuring the country has enough electricity and fuel when international markets are disrupted or renewable generation is low.

There are three distinct issues to compare:

  • Electricity prices: household power bills, network charges, competition between retailers and investment in new generation.
  • Fuel costs: petrol and diesel prices, taxes, transport alternatives and dependence on imported oil.
  • Security of supply: keeping the lights on during dry winters, expanding domestic generation, maintaining fuel reserves and deciding whether New Zealand needs more gas or other backup energy.

One important distinction: a policy to increase electricity generation doesn't necessarily mean immediate reductions in household bills. Retail prices also depend on network costs, contracts, wholesale prices and the cost of maintaining reliable supply.

1. Electricity prices and reliability

National

More generation, competition and private investment

National's proposed Electrify NZ 2.0 plan would speed up wind, solar and hydro projects, review electricity lines charges, make it easier for households to sell surplus solar power, and offer low-interest loans for home energy investments. It also wants more competition in the market for backup power during dry years, and requires new AI data centres to bring their own firmed power. Affordable power Kiwis can rely onDelivering a fairer electricity market for Kiwi consumers

For consumers: the aim is lower bills over time, but the plan doesn't guarantee a specific reduction in household electricity prices.

Labour

Help households generate their own electricity

Labour's SolarSaver would provide government-backed, long-term, low-interest finance for solar panels and batteries, subsidies of up to $3,000 for eligible lower- and middle-income households, plug-in solar options for renters, and a $30 million community battery fund. The programme is budgeted at $160 million over four years, funded by redirecting the Government's Gas Security Fund. Labour's SolarSaverLabour wants solar 'for all' with $160m policy aimed at power bills

For consumers: households could reduce their reliance on power retailers and lower their own bills, although savings would depend on installation costs and how much electricity they use.

Green Party

Public ownership and renewable energy

The Greens propose creating Kiwipower, a publicly owned electricity company to invest in new renewable generation and address the dry-year problem. They also propose zero-interest clean-energy loans, $200 million for community-owned renewable energy, and expanding home insulation and energy-efficiency support. Green Party launches plan to cut power bills and take power back from the big energy companiesManifesto 2026

For consumers: the party aims to reduce bills through public investment, renewable generation and community ownership, rather than relying primarily on the existing commercial market.

ACT

Private investment and competition

ACT wants to make it easier for businesses and households to build generation, sell surplus electricity to competing buyers, and invest in new transmission lines. It would also require electricity network companies to justify major upgrades before passing their costs on to consumers. ACT opposes breaking up the large electricity companies. ACT New ZealandACT New Zealand

For consumers: the intended benefit is lower costs through more supply and competition, rather than government ownership or a structural break-up of power companies.

New Zealand First

Restructure the electricity industry

NZ First proposes splitting the major electricity companies into separate generation and retail businesses. It also proposes a national energy strategy, guaranteed fixed-price contracts for new generation projects, and paying households the same price for solar electricity they export as they pay to buy power. "Power to the People" - Winston Peters - State of the Nation 20262023 Election Policies

For consumers: the party expects structural reform to improve competition and put downward pressure on prices. Whether splitting companies would deliver lower bills would depend on how the new market worked.

2. Petrol, diesel and other fuel costs

Fuel policy is a separate issue from electricity policy. A party can favour cheaper electricity without offering a direct way to reduce petrol prices.

Party Main approach What it could mean for consumers
National Supports renewed oil and gas exploration and investment, alongside strategic fuel reserves and plans for imported LNG to support electricity generation. Affordable power Kiwis can rely onDelivering a fairer electricity market for Kiwi consumers More domestic energy development and backup options; no guaranteed reduction in petrol prices.
Labour Has pledged to freeze fuel tax for three years. It also proposes a $20 weekly public-transport fare cap in Auckland, Wellington and Christchurch, and $10 elsewhere. Labour's Fiscal Plan 2026Labour's Fiscal Plan 2026 A freeze would limit increases from fuel tax, while public transport could reduce some households' need to drive. It would not prevent petrol prices rising because of global oil prices.
Green Party Emphasises affordable public transport, reducing fossil-fuel dependence and making it easier to shift to cleaner transport. Its October 2026 transport announcement focuses on improving public transport and reducing the cost of getting around. Green Party launches plan to cut power bills and take power back from the big energy companiesManifesto 2026 Potentially lower transport spending for people able to switch from driving; not necessarily cheaper petrol at the pump.
ACT Supports investment in oil and gas exploration and reducing regulatory barriers to energy development. ACT New Zealand The party expects greater energy supply to help affordability, but exploration does not guarantee cheaper fuel in the short term.
NZ First Its published energy positions include a fuel-security plan and investigating a possible upgraded Marsden Point refinery, alongside greater use of domestic energy resources. 2023 Election Policies"Power to the People" - Winston Peters - State of the Nation 2026 The aim is greater resilience to import and refining disruptions. A refinery proposal would require investment and time, and would not automatically mean cheaper fuel.

The key difference: Labour has a specific commitment to freeze fuel tax. The other approaches focus more on energy investment, domestic resources, supply-chain resilience or reducing dependence on petrol.

The global price of crude oil, the New Zealand dollar, refining and shipping costs, and international disruptions would still affect what motorists pay.

3. Security of energy supply: what happens in a crisis?

New Zealand has a particular electricity challenge: hydroelectricity is important, but when rainfall is low, the country may need expensive backup generation or imported energy. Fuel security is different: New Zealand relies on international supply chains for petrol and diesel, leaving it exposed to global disruptions.

Here is how the main parties differ.

Party Electricity security Fuel and gas security
National More renewables, backup generation and a proposed LNG import facility to help during dry years. Supports oil and gas exploration and strategic fuel reserves.
Labour Supports household solar and batteries through SolarSaver. It has pledged to restore the ban on new offshore oil and gas exploration, according to National's account of Labour's position. Labour's SolarSaverAffordable power Kiwis can rely on Emphasises the fuel-tax freeze and transport affordability; its approach to new exploration differs from National's.
Greens Publicly owned Kiwipower, renewable generation and community energy, with a plan to address dry-year shortages without an LNG facility. Green Party launches plan to cut power bills and take power back from the big energy companies Seeks to reduce reliance on imported fossil fuels through electrification and cleaner transport.
ACT More generation and transmission investment, with fewer regulatory barriers and private-sector involvement. Supports oil and gas exploration as part of expanding domestic energy supply.
NZ First Separate generators from retailers, guarantee long-term fixed-price contracts for new generation, and develop a national energy strategy. "Power to the People" - Winston Peters - State of the Nation 2026 Has advocated fuel-security planning and greater use of domestic energy resources, including investigating a refinery. 2023 Election Policies

These are proposed approaches, not guarantees that supply disruptions or price spikes would be eliminated. National's and ACT's support for more oil and gas investment contrasts with the Greens' focus on renewable energy and Labour's position on exploration. NZ First combines domestic energy security with structural changes to the electricity market.

4. What are the practical differences for households?

If your main concern is your power bill

Compare National's electricity-market reforms, Labour's subsidised solar finance, the Greens' publicly owned Kiwipower proposal, ACT's competition-focused approach and NZ First's plan to separate generators from retailers.

If your main concern is petrol and diesel

Labour's three-year fuel-tax freeze is the clearest direct tax commitment among the policies reviewed here. National, ACT and NZ First put more emphasis on domestic energy development and supply security, while the Greens focus more on reducing dependence on fossil fuels and providing alternatives to driving.

If your main concern is avoiding shortages

National and ACT emphasise investment and expanded supply, including oil and gas. Labour's solar programme and the Greens' Kiwipower proposal focus on distributed generation and renewable energy. NZ First emphasises market restructuring and a national energy strategy.

Sources to explore

For the full proposals and any updates before the election, these are useful starting points:

Bottom line: The biggest choices are between market-led investment and reform, public ownership and renewable energy, and direct measures to ease household costs. To compare the promises fairly, look at not just the intended savings but also the timeframe, how each policy would be funded, and how it would keep supply reliable when international fuel markets or New Zealand's hydroelectric conditions deteriorate.

Ask anything

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Gemini · No location

For the 2026 New Zealand general election: What would the parties change about electricity prices, fuel costs and the security of energy supply?

For the 2026 New Zealand general election, energy policy, electricity prices, and supply security have emerged as major battlegrounds. While every party agrees that New Zealand needs more affordable and secure power, their proposed methods diverge sharply—ranging from breaking up corporate giants to restarting oil and gas exploration or heavily subsidizing household renewables.

1. Electricity Prices and Market Structure

Parties fundamentally disagree on whether high power bills are caused by a lack of market competition, corporate profiteering, or insufficient generation capacity.

  • National: Focuses on increasing supply and competition rather than state intervention. Through its Electrify NZ 2.0 plan, National aims to streamline consent processes for renewables and transmission, make affordability an explicit statutory objective for the Electricity Authority, and introduce a Home Energy Fund (providing long-term loans for solar panels, batteries, and insulation).
  • New Zealand First: Proposes a aggressive market intervention by breaking up the "Big Four" gentailers (state-backed and major power companies) into separate generation and retail entities—similar to the historic Telecom split—to strip them of control over spot prices and lower household bills.
  • Labour: Focuses on direct financial relief and consumer protections. Their headline SolarSaver policy offers government-backed low-interest loans and subsidies of up to $3,000 for low- and middle-income households to install solar, alongside community battery funding. Labour also proposes making price gouging illegal for essential services and expanding the Commerce Commission's powers.
  • The Greens & ACT:
    • The Greens support breaking up gentailers via a member’s bill and advocate for public generation initiatives (like a state-owned cleaner energy vehicle).
    • ACT strongly opposes breaking up power companies, arguing that structural interference harms investment, and instead pushes for total deregulation and market-led supply growth.

2. Fuel Costs and Liquid Fuels

The future of liquid fuel security, refining capacity, and transport costs highlights deep ideological divides over fossil fuels.

  • New Zealand First: Continues to champion heavy intervention in fuel security, famously labeling the closure of the Marsden Point oil refinery "economic treason" and advocating for policies to review or re-establish domestic refining capability and fuel independence.
  • National: While critical of past decisions surrounding Marsden Point, National accepts that reopening the refinery is cost-prohibitive. Instead, their approach to fuel security focuses on boosting national fuel storage capacity and relying on private-market import resilience.
  • Labour, the Greens, and The Opportunity Party (TOP): Generally defend the closure of Marsden Point as a commercial reality and focus their transport-fuel strategies on demand-reduction, phasing out fossil-fuel vehicle imports, and accelerating the transition to electric vehicles (EVs), e-bikes, and public transport.

3. Security of Energy Supply and "Dry-Year" Risk

Securing the grid against winter shortfalls and low hydro lake levels (dry-year risk) has prompted contrasting long-term strategies.

  • National & ACT: Emphasize an "all-of-above" approach to guarantee supply security. National has backed additional backup solutions, including supporting domestic gas development and exploring liquefied natural gas (LNG) import facilities. ACT strongly supports lifting the oil and gas exploration ban to drive down energy costs and boost domestic gas availability. National similarly passed legislative shifts (such as the Crown Minerals Amendment Act) to promote mineral and energy exploration.
  • Labour & The Greens: Strongly oppose restarting oil and gas exploration. Labour intends to reinstate the ban on new oil and gas permits, positioning New Zealand as a "renewable energy superpower". The Greens take an even firmer stance, aiming to accelerate the phase-out of fossil fuels entirely by 2035 and canceling existing permits. They look to grid-firming via localized renewables, wind, solar, and battery storage rather than importing gas or building LNG terminals.

Would you like a deeper dive into any specific party's fully costed energy or climate manifesto for this election cycle?

Ask Gemini

Gemini is AI and can make mistakes.

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Google AI Mode · No location

For the 2026 New Zealand general election: What would the parties change about electricity prices, fuel costs and the security of energy supply?

For the 2026 New Zealand general election, political parties diverge sharply on how to manage electricity prices, fuel costs, and energy security , balancing market-led deregulation against state intervention and renewable transitions. Because full, granular energy packages continue to roll out ahead of polling day, the major parties approach these areas through distinct policy directions and stated frameworks.

National and ACT (Coalition / Right-Leaning Approach)

  • Oil, Gas, and Supply Security: National and ACT emphasize removing regulatory barriers to boost energy supply security. They support repealing the ban on offshore oil and gas exploration to restore domestic fossil fuel reserves and alleviate gas-peaked electricity pressure.

  • Electricity Prices and Market Reform: Their focus relies on streamlining consenting processes for renewable generation (such as wind, solar, and hydro) through fast-track legislation rather than direct price controls, arguing that expanding overall generation capacity is the primary way to lower household bills.

  • Fuel Costs: They generally resist new transport fuel taxes and aim to reduce regulatory compliance costs on fuel distributors to keep pump prices stable.

Labour (Centre-Left Approach)

  • Security of Supply & Renewables: Labour champions accelerating renewable energy generation and protecting New Zealand’s 100% renewable electricity goals. They focus on state-facilitated transitions and grid upgrades rather than reviving fossil fuel exploration.

  • Electricity Prices: Labour historically targets market competition within the electricity sector, proposing regulatory oversight or market investigations to prevent generation companies from exploiting dry-year wholesale spikes that drive up household and commercial power bills.

  • Fuel Costs: They support clean transport incentives and EV uptake to structurally lower household exposure to volatile international oil markets, while exercising caution around regressive fuel excise increases.

Green Party (Left Approach)

  • Security of Supply & Transition: The Greens prioritize a rapid transition away from fossil fuels entirely, opposing any return to oil and gas exploration. They emphasize massive public investment in decentralized community solar, wind infrastructure, and deep energy-efficiency upgrades for residential housing to guarantee long-term security.

  • Electricity Prices: The Greens advocate for direct market interventions, targeted electricity relief, or social tariff structures to ensure lower-income households can afford power during supply crunches.

  • Fuel Costs: They focus heavily on shifting investment away from roading and into public transport, rail, and active transit to structurally reduce community reliance on expensive imported petroleum fuels. [Public Health Communication Centre]

New Zealand First (Nationalist / Populist Approach)

  • Oil, Gas, and Infrastructure: NZ First heavily emphasizes domestic fuel and energy security. Their platform includes funding offshore basin surveys to secure local oil and gas resources for domestic manufacturing and energy use, alongside large-scale infrastructure funding proposals (such as multi-decade regional development and future funds) to map and develop geothermal and traditional energy sites.

  • Prices and Security: They view traditional base-load thermal and gas energy as essential shock absorbers for the national grid to prevent the high electricity prices and winter supply shortages experienced during low hydro-lake levels.

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